ADVERSE EFFECTS

The adverse effects of the antiallergic vaccines can be:

• Local reactions: They happen in the area of the administration, appear to 20-30 minutes, only they talk each other locally and the dose must fit adapting it to the tolerance.
• Systemic reactions. In almost all of them it is necessary to restate the indication and the benefit / risk of continuing with the immunotherapy.
• Not specific reactions. Not come up by IgE, discomfort, migraines, artralgias.
• Light systemic reactions. They are those that they provoke rinitis or asthma with a FME (maximum Flow espiratorio)> 60 % of the normal one, who answer well to the treatment.
• Systemic reactions that do not threaten the life. Hives pictures, angioedema, or asthma severe (FME (maximum Flow espiratorio) < 60%), que responden bien al tratamiento.
• Anaphylactic Shock. That is a reaction of rapid establishment with cutaneous symptoms, shortness of breath, and alteration of pulse and arterial tension that needs intensive treatment.

The serious reactions appear before 30 minutes by it it is the indication of remaining this time under medical control after the immunotherapy application.

The incidence of these risks they are published in a report of the American Academy of Allergy and Immunology (AAACI). Systemic reactions 1.37 of every 1000 injections, and the mortality is 0.6692 for million administrated doses.

The importance or the risk compared with other treatments we can do it with the antibiotics injection betalactámicos in that the mortality risk is from 0.4 to 7.5 for million administrated doses depending on the studies.

With the contrasts of iodine of low thickness of modern use the mortality risk is 1 for every 169.000 procedures.

FACTORS OF RISK

The risk factors for the immunotherapy are:

• Dose errors
• Presence of asthma symptomatic
• High hypersensitivity grade (in cutaneous tests or specific IgE)
• Use of betabloqueantes
• Injections of new roads
• Administration of immunotherapy at station of active exhibition (polinosis)

EQUIPMENT FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF IMMUNOTHERAPY

• Stethoscope and esfingomanómetro
• You pester, tortores, etc...
• Adrenaline 1:1000
• I equip of oxygen
• Wheys and team adapted for his adminsitración
• I equip to support the permeability of the airline
• Injectable antihistamines
• Corticoids for administration endovenosa
• Medicines vasopresores

There are not known for the time being the criteria of ideal duration of the immunotherapy. As general recommendation appears between 3 to 5 years, but the decision must be individualized in every case.
In conclusion, it is necessary to give priority to a treatment etiológico of the bronchial asthma, without stopping making one preventive or symptomatic when it is necessary.

TO SEE ALSO

• Immunization against the allergy
• Efficacy of the vaccine of the allergy
• Indications of the vaccine of the allergy
• Consult the Specialist

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