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 OTHER NAMES
- Urea,
- Nitrogen ureico in blood.
DEFINITION
It is an analysis that is realized separately or in a general biochemist request in the blood. It measures the quantity (concentration) of urea or nitrogen ureico present in the blood. The urea is the final score of the metabolism of the proteins. He forms in the liver from the destruction of the proteins. During the digestion the proteins are separated in amino acids, these it contains nitrogen that is liberated like ión ammonium, and the rest of the molecule is used to generate energy in the cells and textiles. The ammonium joins small molecules to produce urea, which appears in the blood and is eliminated by the urine. If the kidney does not work well the urea accumulates in the blood and his concentration rises.
WHY IS THIS STUDY REALIZED?
In general it is a parameter that indicates the renal function, although it can be altered in illnesses of the liver or in the dehydration.
SKILL OF ACHIEVEMENT
To realize this analysis to be on an empty stomach is not needed. It is possible to realize the capture in an appropriate place (consultation, clinic, hospital) but sometimes it is realized in the proper domicile of the patient.
- To realize the capture it is needed of locating an appropriate vein and in general there are used the veins placed in the flexura of the elbow. The person entrusted to take the sample will use sanitary gloves, a needle (with a syringe or pipe of extraction).
- It will put a tortor (tape of gum - latex) in the arm so that the veins retain more blood and turn out to be more visible and accessible.
- It will clean the area of the prick with an antiseptic one and by means of a palpación it will locate the appropriate vein and will gain access to her with the needle. They will release the tortor.
- When the blood flows for the needle the sanitary one will realize an aspiration (by means of the syringe or by means of the application of a pipe with gap).
- On having finished the capture, it extracts the needle to itself and the area is pressed with a cotton or similar torunda to favor the coagulation and it will indicate him to itself that flexione the arm and the area pressed with a Band-Aid supports for some hours.
PROBLEMS AND POSSIBLE RISKS
- The securing by means of a prick of the vein can produce certain pain.
- The possible difficulty in finding the appropriate vein can give place to several pricks
- Appearance of a haematoma (bruise or cardinal) in the extraction area, is due usually to the fact that the vein has not closed well after the later pressure and blood has kept on going out producing this problem. Type Hirudoid can apply an ointment to itself ® or Trombocid ® in the area.
- Inflammation of the vein (phlebitis), sometimes the vein turns out to be shaken, well be for a cause merely physically or why it has become infected. It will have to support the relaxed area a few days and type Hirudoid can apply an ointment to itself ® or Trombocid ® in the area. If the problem persists or appears fever will have to consult it with his doctor.
NORMAL VALUES OF UREA IN BLOOD
The normal values in the adults are between 7 and 20 mg for deciliter. In the small children from 5 to 18 accept values mg/dl. The values more high of 100 mg/dl owe to an important renal mistake.
EVALUATION OF ABNORMAL RESULTS
The urea raised in blood can appear (uremia) in:
- Diets with proteins excess
- Renal illnesses
- Cardiac mistake
- Gastrointestinal hemorrhages
- Hipovolemia (burns, dehydration)
- Famine
- Renal obstructions (stones, tumors)
The urea can appear diminished in:
- Diet poor in proteins
- Hepatic mistake
- Pregnancy
- Hydration excess.
- Malnutrition
TO SEE ALSO
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