DEFINITION

The tuberculosis is an infectious illness produced by the Micobacteryum tuberculosis. Normally it affects primarily to the lungs but it can spread to other organs.

CAUSES

Any person can infection turns affected because of it, the illness spreads across the air by means of small droplets of secretions of the cough ó sneezes of infected persons of Micobacteryum tuberculosis.

Debit is contagious of the tuberculosis of to be a frequent, familiar contact or a coexistence with infected persons. It is very strange to be contagious of chance form for a sporadic contact in the street.

Once the bacterium gets in the lung there forms a granuloma that is the primary infection of the tuberculosis, this process does not produce symptoms and in 95 % of the cases problem recovers only without much ado. The bacterium of the tuberculosis goes on this way to a stagnation phase shut up in a granuloma. If for any cause (other infections, been, cancer, stress, etc...) the defenses of the body debilitate the bacteria they are reactivated and the illness takes place.

SYMPTOMS

At first the beginning of the illness is usually with affectation pulmonary and the symptoms are:

• persistent weak cough
• fever of 38 ºC
• constant weariness
• loss of weight
• night perspirations
• loss of the appetite

The symptoms spend enough unnoticed except the big weariness that is showy.

I DIAGNOSE

After the suspicion by the cynic the following studies must be realized:

• Thorax radiography
• Sputum cultivation
• Tuberculina
• Broncoscopia with inhaled of secretions and cultivation. The exploration, inclusive the pulmonary sounding, they can be bland.

TREATMENT

An association of rifampicina is used, isoniazida and pirazinamida for one year. Some of them can be replaced with alternatives but the bad association or the bad fulfillment of the treatment is a cause of the worst complications of the tuberculosis. With the suitable treatment the tuberculosis is treated and the patient recovers completely.

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