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Frequent questions | |
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TREATMENT OF THE DIABETES | |
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 DESCRIPTION NUTRITION EXERCISE MEDICATION INSULINS HIPOGLUCEMIANTES PREVENTION TO SEE TO CONSULT TO CONSULT |
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Although the medication is essential for the treatment of the persons with Diabetes Dependent Mellitus Insulino (DMID) and for many with Diabetes Mellitus not Insulino Dependiente (DMNID), the life style plays or very important role in the treatment of these patients. The handling and progression of the diabetes are tied definitely to the conduct. The patients with diabetes must be prepared to confront the illness of three ways:
Several specialists will be involved in the care of the diabetic. The family, pediatricians general practitioners, internists, endocrinologists and diabetólogos, also will supervise the medical care. The consultations with specialists as the ophthalmologist also will be necessary if complications appear. If you have diabetes, it must assume the responsibility of the handling of the illness every day. This includes not only the administration of insulin or the ingestion of oral Hipoglucemiantes, but also the collaboration in the control and analysis of the concentration of glucose in blood, in the diet and the diet of exercises recommended by his doctor. An appropriate diet is essential. In fact for many patients with DMNID a good program of control of weight is sufficient himself to treat the illness. It is necessary to prepare a specific diet for every individual faced, basically, towards the reduction of weight by means of an individual control and the establishment of a few bosses of meal. To know which are his weight ideal and size can be appealed to already established stage. If his weight exceeds in 20 % or more the value that indicates the table and you are not exaggeratedly muscular, then he endures an excess weight. The drinks alcoholics tend to aggravate the diabetes. So it must limit the alcohol consumption. Also the alcohol is a concentrated calories source, and his consumption can complicate the control of the weight. The goal of all the diets is double. On one hand it will help him to control the glucose concentration. For other one, and very important, it will help him to control and reduce his weight. The obesity increases the need that the body has of insulin because the extra meal helps to increase the glucose quantity in the system. The result is that the control of the concentration of glucose in blood becomes more difficult and the risk of more serious complications also increases. The diabetics must regulate carefully the consumption of carbohydrates (sugar and starches), fats and proteins. His dietitian will organize a suitable program. He must avoid the sugar consumption, such as pastries, cakes, bonbons or sweet drinks. It is suitable to include in the diet food rich in fibre such like the bread of wheat and rye, fruits and vegetables (to see the Diet in the Diabetic). The exercise is another important part in the treatment of the diabetics. The regular exercise helps to support the suitable, but more important weight it is still the benefit on the circulatory system. The muscles use more glucose during the vigorous exercise, which helps to that the glucose level diminishes. His doctor will help him to establish an exercises program. A debate exists as for the diet of exercise most adapted for diabetics. If this one is very intense it will diminish the glucose level in blood, and it must be alert before the possibility of an excessively low level (to see Hypoglycemia and the insulin Reaction). A good practice is to drink milk and carbohydrates 30 minutes before the training. It is suitable always to have to hand a carbohydrate of rapid action (for example, a glucose tablet) before the possibility that there appear symptoms of hypoglycemia (nervousness, weakness, famine etc.). If you have DMID, try not to realize the exercise in the moments of maximum effect of his injection. In principle, the insulin is a drug used by diabetics younger than 40 years, while the oral hipoglucémicos use them persons who have developed the diabetes after this age, although there are exceptions to this rule. As his name indicates, the patients with DMID need insulin, and those with DMNID can or not need medication. In all the diabetics, the most important factor in the use and dose of the medicines performs all forms the individual will to continue the diet and the exercises. The decision to use insulin or hipoglucemiantes it is based on the grade of severity of the diabetes. For an obese person with DMNID, the diet accompanied by a diet of exercises, will be the solution. If with these measurements the illness is not controlled, his doctor can prescribe injections of insulin or oral medication. For a person with DMID, there will be necessary insulin doses, but these will depend, partly, on the care that it has in his diet and exercise. The insulin can be of several types and several characteristics. Someone are obtained of the pancreas of cats and dogs but the technology in the recent years, it has made possible to obtain the production of synthetic insulin. Some insulin varieties act quickly and others act in a longer period. The type of insulin, quantity, periods of time etc. are measured that take according to the need of the diabetic. Only one injection of insulin slowed down to the morning is usually the most habitual thing, although there can be necessary a miscellany of regular insulin with the simple-minded one and additional injections throughout the day. His doctor will determine what the best thing is in his case. For those patients with a very unstable diabetes, who are prepared to carry out an elaborated program, the best option will be the injection of insulin of rapid action before every meal. The doses depend on the measurement of the concentration of glucose in blood in this moment. This diet is the called one "intensive therapy of insulin". The use of a bomb of insulin will help the persons with unstable diabetes. The insulin bomb is a battery device prepared to liberate continuously and automatically an insulin dose across the needle that pricks itself in the skin of the abdomen or arm. There are medicines that stimulate the pancreas to increase the insulin production and are used in a third part of the patients with DMNID. They are indicated for the diabetics unable to control the glucose concentration only with diet. The DMID does not know any prevention for, but the obesity is much associated with the development of the DMNID, in persons older than 40 years. The weight reduction can help to diminish his development in some cases. If his weight is 10 % or more over the recommended one for his size and size, there is some diabetic in his family and debit is major than 40 years of reducing his weight (to see Obesity). Once diagnosed of diabetes, there is a series of measures that you must take to limit the development and the appearance of possible complications. A good exercises program is crucial. If you are smoking the diabetes must provide to him the motivation that he needs to stop smoking. Smoking is an additional risk for the diabetics. This there joins, also, the risk of illnesses of heart and other effects (to see risk factors controlables). The care of the feet is very important for the diabetics for the frequent problems caused by the alteration of the nervous function and tightening of the arteries of the part it lowers of the body (to see Arteriosclerosis), which limits the blood irrigation of the feet. Use appropriate shoes. This minimizes the risk of appearance of tripe, grains and blisters. If the circulation is altered, any small wound like a blister, flesh-colored fingernail etc, it can finish in a serious infection or in gangrene. If the nerves are damaged, the tripe can finish in ulcers difficult to recover. His doctor must recommend the visit to a podiatrist so that of instructions and it provides to him a suitable care of the fingernails, tripe, etc.
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DESCRIPTION |
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