SURGERY. The surgery for the prostate cancer changes of extirpating only the cancerous growth, to the eradication of the whole prostate and of the surrounding lymphatic ganglions.

Radical Prostatectomia. It consists of the eradication of the prostate and part of the textile that surrounds it. The surgery can be realized by means of an incision in the space placed between the scrotum and the year (prostatectomia perineal) or by means of an incision in the low abdomen (prostatectomia retropúbica). The radical prostatectomia is carried out only if the cancer has not been spread out of the prostate.

In some cases of advanced cancer of prostate, can be indicated the eradication of the testicles - these two glands are the principal producer of the masculine hormone testosterone in the body, which stimulates the growth of the cancer of the prostate.

The principal collateral effects of the eradication of prostate are the powerlessness (incapability to have or to support an erection) and the urinal incontinence (incapability to control the urinal function). Generally they are temporary, but in some cases there can be perms.

RESECTION TRANSURETRAL. It consists of the eradication of the cancer of prostate using an instrument that gets in the prostate across the urethra. This operation sometimes is done to relieve the symptoms caused by the tumor before applying another treatment, or in the men who cannot support a radical prostatectomia due to the age or another illness.

CRIOCIRUGÍA. A type of surgery in which the cancer is destroyed by freezing.

OTHER THERAPIES. In addition to the surgery, to treat the prostate cancer one or several can be indicated of the following ones:

- Radiations ionizantes (Radiotherapy)
- Medicines ("poisons) against the cancer (Chemotherapy)
- Hormones (Hormonoterapia).
- Biological therapy or Immunotherapy (use of the immune system of the body to fight the cancer).

Hormonal therapy. The masculine hormones (especially the testosterone) can contribute to the growth of the cancer of prostate. To stop the growth of the cancer, they can administer feminine hormones (estrogen) or a few medicines called agonistas LHRH that reduce the quantity of masculine hormones. The motive is the same that in some occasions leads to an eradication of the testicles (orquiectomia) in order to prevent from producing these testosterone. This treatment is used generally in men with advanced prostate cancer.

The intention of the biological therapy or modifying therapy of the biological answer (BMR) is of treating that the same body fights the cancer. For it there are used materials produced by the proper body (or identical laboratory syntheses) to reinforce, to direct or to restore the natural defenses of the body against the illness.

The treatment of the cancer of prostate depends on the stage in which there is his illness, his age and his health in general, and it is extremely individualized. In every case there will get together the most sensible options of surgery, radiotherapy, hormonoterapia and biological therapies. The chemotherapy has not resulted from big utility in the prostate cancer.

The survival valuation at the age of 5 is 85 % for the patients with cancer of prostate which cancers are discovered in a precocious stage, and that of the cancer of prostate in his set has increased even more than 70 % in the last 30 years.

The cancer of rare prostate the time happens before 55 years of age. Most of the diagnosed men have 65 years or more. The prostate cancer is becoming more frequent, possibly because the men live more. The men of black race who live in America have the highest valuation of the cancer of prostate in the world, for unknown reasons.

Some risk factors to develop prostate cancer are:

• Familiar precedents (father, brother, uncle) of the cancer of prostate.
• Exhibition to cadmium in the work place (welding, batteries or electrotipos).
• The married men seem to have major risk than the bachelors.
• The high diet in fats can increase the risk.
• The men who have surrendered to a vasectomy can have major risk.

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