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 OTHER NAMES
- SGPT,
- Transaminasa glutámico-pirúvica, GPT,
- Alanina aminotransferasa, ALT.
DEFINITION
The GPT is an enzyme with big concentration in in the liver and in minor measurement in the kidneys, heart the muscles. When there is an injury of these organs the enzyme is liberated to the blood and she turns out to be raised in the analyses. Since there is a transaminasa more specially hepatic that the GOT, she turns out to be more raised in the hepatic illnesses that in others, that's why the quotient GPT/GOT will be major than 1 in true illnesses hepatic illnesses as the viral hepatitis. On the contrary it turns out to be minor than 1 in the hepatic cirrhosis, hepatic congestion or hepatic tumors.
WHY IS THIS STUDY REALIZED?
It is realized in the context of other hepatic tests (GammaGT, GOT, bilirrubina, fosfatasa alkaline) and is used to evaluate problems or alterations of the liver. His elevation is straight proportional to the cellular damage and it can serve like indicative of the evolution of the illness.
SKILL OF ACHIEVEMENT
It is not necessary to be on an empty stomach for this parameter but as it is realized by the same blood sample to determine other biochemical parameters in the laboratory it is better being on an empty stomach to realize all of them of the same blood extraction. It is necessary to bear in mind that certain medicines there can raise his values, like the paracetamol, the alopurinol, the ampicilina, the azatioprina, the carbamacepina, cefalosporinas, the clorpropamida, the clofibrato, the cloxacilina, the codeine, the indometacina, the isoniacida, the metrotexate, the acid nalidixico, the notrofurantoina, the contraceptive oral ones, the fenotiacina, the fenitoína, the procainamida, the propanolol, and the tetraciclina. It is possible to realize the capture in an appropriate place (consultation, clinic, hospital) but sometimes it is realized in the proper domicile of the patient.
- To realize the capture it is needed of locating an appropriate vein and in general there are used the veins placed in the flexura of the elbow. The person entrusted to take the sample will use sanitary gloves, a needle (with a syringe or pipe of extraction).
- It will put a tortor (tape of gum - latex) in the arm so that the veins retain more blood and turn out to be more visible and accessible.
- It will clean the area of the prick with an antiseptic one and by means of a palpación it will locate the appropriate vein and will gain access to her with the needle. They will release the tortor.
- When the blood flows for the needle the sanitary one will realize an aspiration (by means of the syringe or by means of the application of a pipe with gap).
- On having finished the capture, it extracts the needle to itself and the area is pressed with a cotton or similar torunda to favor the coagulation and it will indicate him to itself that flexione the arm and the area pressed with a Band-Aid supports for some hours.
- The abstracted blood moves to the analysis laboratory in a special pipe for biochemistry, which contains an anticoagulant product. In general more than 10 milliliters of blood are not usually necessary for a standard battery of biochemical parameters.
PROBLEMS AND POSSIBLE RISKS
- The securing by means of a prick of the vein can produce certain pain.
- The possible difficulty in finding the appropriate vein can give place to several pricks
- Appearance of a haematoma (bruise or cardinal) in the extraction area, is due usually to the fact that the vein has not closed well after the later pressure and blood has kept on going out producing this problem. Type Hirudoid can apply an ointment to itself ® or Trombocid ® in the area.
- Inflammation of the vein (phlebitis), sometimes the vein turns out to be shaken, well be for a cause merely physically or why it has become infected. It will have to support the relaxed area a few days and type Hirudoid can apply an ointment to itself ® or Trombocid ® in the area. If the problem persists or appears fever will have to consult it with his doctor.
NORMAL VALUES OF GPT
In these values there can be certain differences for the skill or for proper criteria of normality of concrete laboratories, sometimes in the status of values and other times for the units to which one alludes.
EVALUATION OF ABNORMAL RESULTS
The developing GPT levels can indicate:
- Alcoholism
- Anemia hemolítica
- Liver cancer
- Cirrhosis
- Muscular dystrophy
- Sharp renal illnesses
- Primary muscular illnesses.
- Illness of Wilson
- Hepatitis
- Viral infections (mononucleosis...)
- Myocardium infarction
- Interventions of cardiac surgery
- Hepatic Isquemia
- Poisonous medicines of the liver
- Hepatic Necrosis
- Sharp Pancreatitis
- Muscular traumatism
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