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 DENOMINATION
- Sodium in blood,
- Na in blood,
- Sodium sérico.
DEFINITION
The sodium (Na) is the positive ión that is principally, out of the cells, in the extracellular fluids of the human body. The concentration in this space is 140 mEq/l compared with 5 mEq/l inside the cells. It has a very determinant function in the osmolaridad. The sodium concentration in the blood is the result between the entry of the same one for the diet and his exit across the leaked one of the kidney and his exit by the urine, something also gets lost for the dregs. The regulation of the losses and exits of sodium in the blood depend on the aldosterone. The aldosterone is a hormone that takes place in the adrenal glands, on having increased his level in blood, a major sodium retention takes place in the kidney and an increase of the exit of the potassium across the urine. When sodium is retained it diminishes the water exit and for it the liquid content increases in the blood glasses, with it the blood pressure rises. On the contrary the hormone natriurética that is excreted by the heart produces an increase of the loss of sodium and water. The antidiuretic hormone can make to lose water without loss of sodium across the kidney.
WHY IS THE ANALYSIS REALIZED?
It is used to evaluate the function of the kidneys, of the different hormones that regulate it, and situations of the regulation of liquids in the human body.
PROCEDURE OF SECURING
To realize this analysis to be on an empty stomach is not needed. They can turn altered the values of sodium in the whey for recent traumatism, for interventions of surgery, and the treatments with wheys endovenosos. There are medicines that can raise the sodium level in blood, the anabolic steroids, the corticoids, the antibiotics, the laxatives the anti-inflammatory not esteroideos, and the contraceptive oral ones. And they can diminish his level the diuretics, and the vasopresina. It is possible to realize the capture in an appropriate place (consultation, clinic, hospital) but sometimes it is realized in the proper domicile of the patient. To realize the capture it is needed of locating an appropriate vein and in general there are used the veins placed in the flexura of the elbow. The person entrusted to take the sample will use sanitary gloves, a needle (with a syringe or pipe of extraction). It will put a tortor (tape of gum - latex) in the arm so that the veins retain more blood and turn out to be more visible and accessible. It will clean the area of the prick with an antiseptic one and by means of a palpación it will locate the appropriate vein and will gain access to her with the needle. They will release the tortor. When the blood flows for the needle the sanitary one will realize an aspiration (by means of the syringe or by means of the application of a pipe with gap). On having finished the capture, it extracts the needle to itself and the area is pressed with a cotton or similar torunda to favor the coagulation and it will indicate him to itself that flexione the arm and the area pressed with a Band-Aid supports for some hours. The abstracted blood moves to the analysis laboratory in a special pipe for biochemistry, which contains an anticoagulant product. In general more than 10 milliliters of blood are not usually necessary for a standard battery of biochemical parameters.
PROBLEMS AND POSSIBLE RISKS
- The securing by means of a prick of the vein can produce certain pain.
- The possible difficulty in finding the appropriate vein can give place to several pricks
- Appearance of a haematoma (bruise or cardinal) in the extraction area, is due usually to the fact that the vein has not closed well after the later pressure and blood has kept on going out producing this problem. Type Hirudoid can apply an ointment to itself ® or Trombocid ® in the area.
- Inflammation of the vein (phlebitis), sometimes the vein turns out to be shaken, well be for a cause merely physically or why it has become infected. It will have to support the relaxed area a few days and type Hirudoid can apply an ointment to itself ® or Trombocid ® in the area. If the problem persists or appears fever will have to consult it with his doctor.
NORMAL VALUES OF SODIUM IN WHEY
Normal levels of Na in whey: 135 to 145 mEq/l
In these values there can be very small differences for the skill or for proper criteria of normality of concrete laboratories, sometimes in the status of values and other times for the units to which one alludes.
EVALUATION OF ABNORMAL RESULTS
The developing Sodium levels in the blood can indicate:
- Dehydration
- Insipid diabetes
- Hiperladosteronismo
- Extensive burns
- Syndrome of Cushing
The diminished Sodium levels in the blood can indicate:
- Dropsy
- Diabetic Cetoacidosis
- Effusion pleural
- Diarrhea
- Illness of Addison
- Renal illnesses
- Peripheral edema
- Sudoración excess
- Congestive heart failure
- Syndrome of secretion of antidiuretic hormone
- Vomiting
TO SEE ALSO
WHAT DOCTOR CAN TREAT ME?
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DENOMINATION 
