There still has not decided the cause of the illness of Kawasaki, his predominance is low out of the oriental countries (Japan). There are not known the factors of risk different from the age, since it is a question of an illness that appears in small children, with 80 % of patients younger than 5 years.

Does it seem that his base is an autoimmune vasculitis that develops for external factors (infectious?) affecting to the membranes of the mucous membranes, to the lymphatic ganglions, the blood glasses and the heart.

The vasculitis, which is an inflammation of the blood glasses, of the coronary arteries, can produce aneurismas, which can still go so far as to produce an infarction of the myocardium in small children. More than 30 % of the children with illness of Kawasaki presents signs of vasculitis of coronary arteries.

The illness of Kawasaki is a picture of fever high that persistent (it can be more than two weeks) and does not answer to normal paracetamol doses or of ibuprofeno. One associates other signs as there are the presence of red eyes, red mucous membranes in the mouth, raw red lips, the "language of strawberry" and inflamed ganglions.

They usually present the affected pains you will articulate.

Also a general cutaneous eruption is appreciated with despellejamiento of the skin in English, the palms of the hands and plants of the feet.

The case history of long high fever, cutaneous exanthema with pains you will articulate and very red mucous membranes face to the diagnosis.

Later they usually realize studies that could reveal the presence of such vasculitis like the electrocardiogram and ecocardiografía. The most frequent complementary studies are:

• Finished Hematimetría and VSG
• Finished biochemical study
• Urine analysis
• Electrocardiogram
• Ecocardiograma
• Thorax radiography

The children with presumption of presenting an illness of Kawasaki must be hospitalized and his and treatment shared between the specialists in pediatric cardiology and those of infectious illnesses.

Of the precocious diagnosis and of the beginning of the treatment the damage can depend to the coronary arteries and the heart.

The habitual treatment of this illness is the intravenous gammaglobulina that is administered in high doses and which effect is observed in the first 24 hours of treatment.

Also aspirin collaborates but only like the not only associate treatment since the most effective thing the intravenous gammaglobulina keeps on being.

The normal expectation with a precocious and suitable treatment is the entire recovery of the patient. In spite of it 2 % of the affected ones dies for complications of coronary vasculitis.
Later all the affected ones must be controlled of the heart and an electrocardiogram must be realized each one or two years.

The complication more frequent is the coronary vasculitis with formation of coronary aneurisma that can cause a sharp myocardium infarction.