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 ANALYSIS AND TEST
- The test of antibodies of VIH ELISA (analysis Enzyme - Inmunoabsorbente).
- Absolute counting of lymphocytes CD4 (less than 200 in case of illness).
- PCR for VIH.
The test to verify the infection of the VIH in an individual is realized by means of a skill of "ELISA" (enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay). It is realized at a few hours and is very sensitive to identify VIH-Positives. Most of the test TV/radio commercials are compared for his quality and reliability with a more sophisticated called skill "Western Blot", which characterizes every scoreboard to improve his results.
Also the lymphocytes countings are realized to know the affectation of the immune system, and from 1.995 there put to point one skill (PCR, initials in English of Reaction of the Chain of the Polimerasa) that was allowing to measure the quantity of virus VIH in the blood, what in turn is a reflex of the quantity of viruses that exist in the whole organism.
TREATMENT
After blood samples frozen from 10 or more years applied the skill PCR for VIH earlier it was seen that of the persons who had very few viruses (low viral load) scarcely 10 % they had developed AIDS, while the persons who had big quantity of virus (high viral load) in blood had developed AIDS and died mostly.
Up to 1.995 one was arranging of a series of Inhibiting so called medicines of Viral Transcriptasa Inversa (RETROVIR, VIDEX, HIVID) that, separately or in combination. they had a slightly powerful effect and, also, transitorily on the virus VIH, managing to delay the AIDS appearance in a person infected as maximum 2 years; if they were used in AIDS phase they were delaying the death in 1 ó 2 years.
This is due to the fact that the virus is capable of becoming resistant to these medicines because it is changing (mutando) whenever (reply) is reproduced; since it is logical, those persons that they have big virus quantity have major valuation of replicación (and of resistance) and the prognosis is worse than in case they have few viruses. It was seen also that with the previous medicines it was achieved how it was measuring to divide by 10 ó for 50 the quantity of virus of the blood, what, in a person who had. for example, 300.000 viruses for milliliter, it is an insignificant and insufficient reduction to avoid the progression to AIDS.
In 1.995-6 there appeared, already commercialized, a series of Inhibiting so called medicines of Proteasa Viral (NORVIR, INVIRASE, CRIXIVAN) that, in combination with the previous ones, manage to divide the viral load by 1.000 ó more; in some patients they manage to make to disappear from the blood to these viruses and, supporting the treatment several years, they can eliminate perhaps completely the virus of the organism.
The experience with two years of use is very good, with reductions of mortality of more than 50 %, recovery of the lymphocytes T4 lost and improvement marked with the symptoms of the illness.
These treatments are relatively well tolerated and they are administered by mouth (they do not need to be injected). Although these treatments are very expensive (an Inhibitor of the Proteasa more two Inhibiting ones of the Transcriptasa suppose a year more than 1.300.000 ptas) in Spain they are covered by the Social security and, especially, the saved lives and the saving that they produce in hospitalization expenses they compensate extensively his economic value.
TO SEE ALSO
WHAT DOCTOR CAN TREAT ME?
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