 |
|
|
 |
 |
|
|
 |
|
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
Frequent questions | |
|
He asks the doctor | |
 |
Beginning | |
 |
 |
 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
 |
SIMPLE RADIOLOGY | |
||
|
|
 DENOMINATION DEFINITION IMAGES SKILL DANGERS TO CONSULT |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
The achievement of simple radiologies is the most habitual radiodiagnóstico method for the help to the medical diagnosis. The radiographies are the most basic system of his use, but they keep on being essential in practice doctor habitual and not replaced with other skills of new appearance. The x-rays were discovered by Roentgen in 1.895. The X-rays are part of the bogey of electromagnetic radiations, as the electrical waves and those of radio. To produce x-rays an electrons source is needed: the x-rays pipe. The x-rays pipe is basically a crystal blister that contains a negative electrode called cathode, and one positive called plate. In the cathode there is a filament that expresses electrons when it warms up, which are focused to hit the plate in an area called focus. From this area there arises the bundle of x-rays that goes to the body of the patient and this one absorbs a x-rays quantity, and another quantity crosses it, goes out for another side, and meets a X-ray badge (similar to a photographic movie) where there will remain engraved an anatomical image of the interior of the body. The different images that will give the diagnosis form on having crossed the body of the patient, since the x-rays are absorbed more by the bones than by the soft textile (heart) or the air (lungs). The different extenuation remains registered in the X-ray movie at different levels of lighting and of shade, there being obtained an image of the interior of the organism that remains reflected in the X-ray badge. The X-ray badges are like photographic negatives of the explored area and the doctor visualizes them with a rear light or negatoscopio.
A technician usually realizes it in radiodiagnóstico. Since these professionals are submitted to the risks of the radiations of constant form they are protected behind glazing plomados, and if it is necessary that some of them or a relative is near to the patient to help him, it will be protected by aprons plomados. Previous preparation is not needed on the part of the patient. The position of the pipe of x-rays will change according to the type of radiography that wants to take (standing thorax, knocked down abdomen, etc...) and of the plane of the body that wants to be reflected (oblique positions, sideways, etc...). The patient must contain the respiration during the scarce seconds in which it is realized, since otherwise it can go out blurry (especially in those of thorax). It is possible to request him that it changes position to take different images. During the procedure, which lasts scarce seconds, one does not feel any inconvenience. Previously to realize it must manage if there is possibility of pregnancy, or if it has some type of metallic device that he could interfere with the image of the area to be X-rayed. The person one must remove all the objects that it takes and leave the exposed area (he undresses or with a hospital robe). For it, one advises to come to the examination with clothes comfortable and easy to remove.
The only radiography does not have major danger, but the radiographies abuse they can produce alterations on our cells, which cause late injuries to us or to our descent. For it, only they are realized when the information that they contribute is important for the diagnosis. The areas more radiosensibles are: genitals, thyroid gland and the eyes. For this motive, if it is possible, it are protected by materials plomados that the Rx do not allow to spend. For the risk of the x-rays of producing long-term injuries, his use in children is and pregnant women it is very restricted. In the women in fertile age, if the radiography is not for an acute disease, he advises to himself to postpone it to the menstruation or the first week after this one. In radiographies that affect straight in the abdomen, and therefore they could not be protected by aprons plomados, one must make sure first that it cannot be pregnant, and if there are doubts to realize previously a pregnancy test. |
|
|
|
 |
|
|
|
|
