DESCRIPTION

The pancreas is located behind the stomach. It is a long, thin organ, and of the size of the hand. It plays a very important role in the digestive process, producing essential enzymes in the digestion of the meal. Another function of the pancreas, which can be described as "control of the fuel", is the one that affects the persons with diabetes.

The hormones that the pancreas produces make possible that his body metabolizes (break - it digests) the meal that you consume. They regularize the use that his body makes of the glucose, which is the energy source for many of the daily activities of all the cells. When his pancreas works normally, the glucose concentration in his blood changes in answer to an extensive variety of events, situations of stress or infections, but it remains in his normal limits.

The pancreas produces three hormones:

• The first one is the insulin that takes place when the glucose concentration in blood increases. This very little happens after eating. The muscles and big cells, they are stimulated by the insulin to absorb the glucose that they need like fuel to realize other activities. The glucose that it exceeds is stored by the liver in the shape of starch called glucógeno.
• The second hormone that produces the pancreas is the glucagón. When it is necessary, it breaks and uses the glucógeno stored in the liver, so that it is transmitted like fuel in the blood flow. In effect, this increases the sugar concentration in the blood.
• The third hormone that produces the pancreas is the somatostatina, which is the person in charge of regularizing the production and transmission of others two the insulin and the glucagón.

Sometimes this control system fails. The glucose quantity in the blood flow increases at the same time that the cells of the pancreas are unable to detect it. The result is a hyperglycemia (of the Greek "hiper" = above, "glyk" = sugar and "emia" = blood). This problem is easily diagnosticable measuring the glucose concentration in blood. If it is very high, part of the glucose spills in the urine where it is detected very easily.

When the cells of his pancreas are unable to use the glucose of the blood flow due to a decrease in the activity of the insulin (absence of sufficient hormone or resistance to the hormone) the diabetes arises.

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