The premature newborn babies (in general we refer at least of 35 weeks of pregnancy) have a few proper risks in general derivative of absence of ripeness of different organ and as it or do not work well or they are more exposed to external aggressions.

The Syndrome of Respiratory Difficulty appears as a result of the absence of protein surfactante that she is the manager of that the pulmonary alveoli have elasticity and remain inflated or expanded.

It usually appears in premature babies of less than 34 weeks, and is appreciated by the difficulty to breathe, that by means of analysis and Rx can be confirmed.

Help talks each other with assistance ó in the respiration and administration of oxygen and the application of substance sufactante. In some cases the respiration completely been present to the beginning is necessary, but with the substance surfactante the prognosis and the survival have improved radically this problem.

The premature babies for an immaturity of the vegetative nervous system (of involuntary movements), it has no rhythm to breathe appropriately and they do long respiratory stops associated with cardiac stops. For it they must be in constant alertness and to give him stimuli reflexes in the plants of the feet when they have these stops.

The arterial conduit or ductus arteriosus is the person in charge of becoming oxygenated the blood of the fetus inside the sack vitelino, without the oxygenation of this one being necessary across the lungs. If this conduit persists and the blood does not close on having been born it will happen for the lungs of the alone baby partly and another part for this conduit but without already having the afterbirth to take become oxygenated blood and for it a cardiac surcharge of the newborn baby takes place.

Normally this conduit has to close after the birth so that the blood could circulate towards the lungs and absorb oxygen.

This problem is diagnosed by means of an ecocardiografía and they talk each other with certain medicines to force his closing or in refractory case to the medication with Surgery.

In the premature babies for problems since previously quoted the assisted respiration and the oxygen therapy is usually necessary, if these are necessary for more than 28 days a pulmonary problem usually remains with liquid accumulation in the lungs and scars and chronic pulmonary injuries. The diagnosis of these injuries can be realized by means of X-rays of Thorax.

The treatment is symptomatic with medication to be suspending the assisted respiration of progressive form. It usually the respiration for some years and remain improve asymptomatic in some cases but in others chronic injuries stay with the presence of broncopatía chronicle in the adult.