Treatment of the Serious Asthma

Question:

Why is used miscellany of helium and oxygen for the treatment of the asthma?

Answer:

The ventilation of the patients with asthmatic status by means of a helium / oxygen miscellany to 60/40 % allows to transform the turbulent flow into the bronchi in laminating, facilitating the step of the miscellany across the bronchi espamodizados and diminishing this way the respiratory work. This is like that because the helium is an inert gas of low molecular weight and major thickness than the air.
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Asthma and Allergies

Question:

The symptoms of the asthma since they are detected not to be wrong with those of the allergies?
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Answer:

The asthma is considered to be, between others, a form of bronchial answer exaggerated to the inhalation of certain allergens or endogenous stimuli, producing a reversible broncoconstricción. By it it is usually associated with other declarations of allergy like the rinitis, the eczema atópico, etc. Up to 70 % of the cases of asthma they are considered to be secondary to allergens and in 30 % it is not possible to demonstrate this relation.

If the symptoms limit themselves to shortness of breath (subjective sensation of air absence) and that acompañana of cough, noises in the breast and hisses, and also it worsens with the effort and with cold inhalation it can be a question of a beginning of asthma.
To do a precise diagnosis if asthma is it stems from some concrete allergen it will have to realize a consultation with his doctor, do test of allergy and an espirometria (it measures the function ventilatoria of the lung) to do a precise diagnosis and to treat it.
It can see more in:

• http://www.broadviewcare.org/temas/asma.php"

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Neumotórax

Question:

The consultation that he wanted to do to them is on the neumotorax (fisiopatologia, symptomatology, I diagnose and treatment).

Answer:

The neumotórax is the air introduction in the cavity pleural between the parietal and visceral pleuras, and in case of neumotórax spontaneously, the same one takes place in a direct way for the underlying lung. In the space pleural negative pressure exists with regard to the atmospheric one and the air entry provokes the collapse of the lung, which intensity will depend on the presence of preexisting adhesions and the rigidity of the pulmonary parenchyma.
The spontaneous simple neumotórax takes place for the rupture of a bustle that in general they are of small size and which diameter is of scarce millimeters, located generally in the area apical of the lung.
In general there are no consequences of exercises or efforts, although sometimes they have arranged to meet when flights are carried out to big heights or during immersion processes.

Symptomatology

The symptomatology that it shows or presents the patient changes in accordance with the size of the neumotórax, from a simple dry cough even dísnea intense and circulatory collapse that can put in danger the life of the patient. In general it appreciates cough, thoracic type pain pleurítico that accentuates with the inspiration, light shortness of breath, sometimes pain in the shoulder of the affected side, and sometimes thoracic and abdominal pains that complicate the correct diagnosis.

Diagnosis

The present signs in the physical exploration depend on the size of the neumotórax. There is appreciated in general a decrease of the intensity of the murmur vesicular and in the tone to the percussion, decrease of the vocal vibrations, limitation of the mobility of the affected hemitórax, etc. But in general we must have the concept that none of these signs is patognomónico and the certainty diagnosis is obtained by the achievement of complementary tests.
The thorax radiography is the examination to which it must be appealed in the first instance. The same one must try to be carried out with the patient in bipedestación or in position raised in the bed, in order to visualize the air presence in the area apical. If they exist doubts owe to practise radiographies in inspiration and forced expiration, since this way the small neumotórax apicales cameras manage to differ more easily. Calculated Tomografías and other complementary examinations of avant-garde, can be used for diagnoses of major certainty.

Treatment

In case of child neumotórax spontaneous, it does not need special treatment since the air is re-absorbed in a few days. Those of major size in general resolve themselves in the space from 2 until 4 weeks, time during which one is a difficult knowledge if there is ocluído or not the point of air leakage pleural. If the clinic is severe it must be drained by means of needle or pipe of thoracic drainage.
When the evolution of the patient is not the foreseeable one, like also the prevention of relapses of new episodes, one must be appealed to specific procedures, in general quirúgicos, to solve in definitive form the specific problem that the patient presents.
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Silicosis

Question:

I am looking for articles of SILICOSIS, to be able to advise to the personnel of the company at which I am employed, there are cement works, and his risks. Thank you in advance

Answer:

The SILICOSIS is an inflammation of the lungs due to the inhalation of dust of silica. It affects persons older than 40 years.
Precocious symptoms:

• Fatigue or shortness of breath
• Dry cough
• Fever sensation
• Late symptoms:
• Drowsiness
• Loss of appetite
• Breast pain
• Mouth dryness
• I spit with blood
• Bluish color of nose and ears
• Fingers in drum toothpick

The causes are the persistent inhalation for 10-20 or more years of particles of silica.
The risk takes place in the mines, in cement, in works with emeries and milling works with sand. The risk increases the low feeding and smoking.
The prevention is to take masks, not to smoke, to do respiratory exercises of regular form.
The diagnosis is realized by means of a thorax Rx, function tests ventilatoria pulmonary and the broncoscopia can be necessary.
The treatment is of maintenance only. It is incurable.
It is possible to complicate with tuberculosis, cardiac mistake and pleuritis, in addition to lung cancer.

There are two publications in Castilian much adapted to have more wide information.
1. Magazine "Working conditions"
Working conditions in the cement industry
Safety headquarter and Hygiene in the Work
Working conditions in the cement industry, comments to instructive 1 and 2, agreements 12,13,17,18 and 32 of the OIT. Vol. VIII, number 2, May - August, 1983.
2. Magazine "Working conditions"
The silicosis and his prevention
Headquarter of Seguridade Higiene in the Work. Vol. XI, number 2, May - August, 1986.
He can contact to obtain them and for major information:
mgodinez@stps.gob.mx
Cordial greetings,

 

Tuberculosis

Question:

I would like to be able to find where resources on the tuberculosis. Especially, I must find movies or audiovisual material related to this illness, and all the pertinent information on them, the director, year, etc. :-) Thank you very much!

Answer:

Images on tuberculosis:
Childhood Tuberculosis: Modern Imaging and Clinical Concepts
by Bryan J. Cremin, Douglas H. Jamieson. Hardcover (June 1995)
Springer Verlag; ISBN: 354019925X

In this paragraph an official CDC indicated him with a program with slides that it can obtain requesting it.
CORE RÉSUMÉ ON TUBERCULOSIS
What the Clinician Should Know
Third Edition, 1994
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Public Health Service
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
National Center for Prevention Services
Division of Tuberculosis Elimination
Atlanta, Georgia
The Core Curriculum on Tuberculosis is accompanied by to slide series for uses in presentations and training programs. To order the Core Curriculum Slide Series, call CDC Voice Information System at (404) 639-1819
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