DEFINITION

The parkinson is a neurological illness that collaborates to muscular rigidity, difficulties for gait, quake and alterations in the movements coordination.

CAUSES

The parkinson is an illness very frequent that affects 2 of every 1000 persons, and he develops more from 50 years, of equal form to men and women.

The Parkinson illness is a chronic neurological process which causes are:

SYMPTOMS

The Parkinson illness has a few very typical symptoms:

• Muscular rigidity.
• Quake, it can be of different intensities.
• Hipocinesia, lacking in movements.
• Difficulties to the gait, it seems that they follow themselves.
• On having been stopped, bad stability seems that pendulan.
• On having begun to walk, they have problems, it is difficult to them to begin.
• If a movement does not end it has difficulties to begin it again, or to finish it.
• Face of fish or mask, for lack of expression of the muscles of the face.
• Movements slowness.
• Acatisia, it is said about an absence of aptitude to be seated without moving.
• Movement of the fingers as if they were counting money.
• Open mouth, with difficulty to keep her closed.
• Voice of low tone, and monotonous.
• Make difficult to write, to eat, or for thin movements.
• Intellectual deterioration, sometimes.
• Constipation.
• Depression, anxiety, muscular atrophy.

DIAGNOSIS

The symptoms context is very typical, and to confirm the diagnosis there is realized a TAC that usually presents typical injuries in the mesencéfalo.

It is necessary to bear in mind that the osteoporosis can produce muscular attitudes similar to the Parkinson. Therefore the examination of the reflexes osteotendinosos, much exaggerated in the Parkinson, they will be essential for the diagnosis.

TREATMENT

The medical treatment of the illness of Parkinson is realized to control the symptoms, fulfilling the alteration of the transmitters.

It usually use Levodopa, which is the molecule that the brain uses to produce Dopamina, with it the movements coordination is improved, it usually associate with other medicines agonistas dopaminérgicos (Carbidopa).

The amantadina is used to treat the quake.

General practitioners must treat also other problems therefore a good relation must exist with the family doctor. Sometimes there collaborate antihistamines, antidepressants, bromocriptina, IMAO, and other medicines to treat other symptoms.

In every case the pharmacological treatment will be individualized, according to the characteristics of the patient and the predominant symptoms in every case.

The achievement of a program of physical exercises is very advisable, as well as the support and psychological treatment of the situation.

Certain surgical procedures exist in march that the cerebral alterations modify, if the case is very intense and does not improve with treatment, this one possibility must be consulted with his specialist.

PROGNOSIS

The not treated Parkinson is incapacitante and it leads to a premature death. The treated patients improve clearly of the symptoms, the changeability of answer to the treatments is diverse and for it the prognosis of every case will depend on the tolerance to the treatments and his efficacy in every case.

The problems of the treatment are:

• Involuntary movements
• Morning sickness or vomiting
• Mucous membranes dryness
• Changes in behavior
• Disorientation or mental confusion
• Hallucinations
• Loss of mental functions

WHAT DOCTOR CAN TREAT ME?

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