The parasomnias are for definition abnormal phenomena tied to the sleep. From the statistical point of view they are slightly frequent. Sometimes this disorder bears alterations electroencefalográficas and other times not, it is easy to differentiate it but, in any case, these alterations do not justify the disorder.
A) Without alterations electroencefalográficas: there are conducts like swingings of head, groans, to speak slept... that do not bear big activity neuronal.
B) With alterations electroencefalográficas:
Enuresis: the subject, which has more than 4 - 5 years, wets itself above while he sleeps. He does not answer to any organic disorder. The night enuresis happens generally from the fifth hour of sleep. Normally it is tied to psychological motives.
The explanation of the enuresis is simple: there is a secondary benefit to the fact of wetting itself in the bed, which is that one gives him to the biggest subject attention that if it was not doing it. Sometimes it can be also because the subject feels guilty for something and prefers that one throws to him in face wetting itself that this a little for the one that feels guilty, it is a way of evading another problem.
It is a disorder that disappears spontaneously, it is not frequent that lasts beyond ten years. If it does it, it disappears generally in the puberty and, in case of being supported when the subject is already adult, it disappears on having initiated the life in couple.
Several treatments have developed:
Medicamentoso: use of infantile antidepressants.
Conditioning: an empapadera puts herself to the subject and when it is wetted, the alarm clock sounds. If this one does not sound in the whole night, one gives him a reward to the subject.
Psychotherapy
Somnambulism: it is a phenomenon that gives itself in the phase 4 of the sleep, it appears in the moments of deeper sleep. It does not coincide with any ensoñación period, although the subject, on having woken up, says that he has dreamed "x", this is a reconstruction that the subject does later. The somnambulism consists of the fact that the subject, being asleep, begins moving. The somnambulism duplicates simple automatic movements. The sleepwalker answers with monosyllables if one asks him about something. It is in the state similar to the hypnosis therefore the subject is easily suggestible. The most suitable thing is to be sick to the bed so that he keeps on sleeping.
Between the causes of the somnambulism, we have to name the hysterical or histrionic personalities, the influence of the night television and the epilepsy. According to some authors it owes to psychological factors; according to others, to genetic factors.
Night terrors: it happens often between the three and five years. The subject wakes up very scared, in full panic episode, crying, dreaming, with the extensive pupils, confused, disorientated, does not answer appropriately to the questions that rise him to themselves, seems to be awake but it it is not and, also, on the following day he does not remember anything, it is an amnesic episode (this is what differentiates this phenomenon of the nightmares). It is easy to calm them, it is enough to take them in arms and in a pair of minutes one happens to them.
These events are normal to a certain extent but if the child begins having them often it can be a symptom of psychological problem.
DEFINITION 
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