One of the most tragic losses is the death of a baby. Big advances have been realized to protect the lives of the children, but this progress is not uniformly distributed in the population. Too many babies still die, some of them without apparent reason, without declarations or explanation.
In the last decades, the possibilities of surviving to the first years of life have increased in all the regions of the world. The improvement is especially notable in the areas of development of Africa, Middle East and the Asian south - east, where the threat of early death for causes as complications of the childbearing, neonatales disorders, diarrhea, respiratory illness and illnesses that can get ready by means of vaccination keeps on being big. In 1998 it was anticipated that on a global scale 7,7 million children would die before his first year, 14 % of the whole of the deaths. Nevertheless, the long majority of this valuation dies in the developing countries.
The infant mortality valuation, that is to say, the babies' proportion that dies in his first year, is lower than never, partly consequence of the effective treatment of the respiratory difficulty and the prevention of the syndrome of sudden death (SIMS), and the same way of the medical advances to keep the smallest babies alive and to treat the sick neonatos. Nevertheless too many babies die: 28486 in 1998. The country industrialized where more babies die is the USA and where less in Japan. The top valuations of survival of the babies of western Europe and of the Pacific Ocean can assume to the free prenatal and postnative attention.
As in the rest of the developed country, in Spain the infant mortality has experienced an important descent, since he has passed from 18,9 for every 1.000 living born in 1975 to the 5,5 of 1995. This descent has taken place in all the chapters: mortality neonatal (12,6 in 1975 and 3,5 in 1995), postneonatal (from 6,3 to 2,0) and perinatal (from 21,1 to 6,0). Nevertheless, these good results have not been homogeneous in all the Autonomous regions, existing important differences between the values of these valuations at level of the same ones and being La Rioja of the Autonomous regions with a few infant mortality valuations and perinatal more raised than the country. The maternal age is not a factor in the mortality neonatal; the born babies of adolescents and of adult women have the same possibilities of surviving. Nevertheless, the babies of the young people have major risk of dying in four initial weeks due to the biggest risk of being born with low weight, African topcoat in the American babies (the black babies have a probability two and I come up times major of dying that the white babies).
INTRODUCTION 
