DEFINITION

Error in the visual approach that causes difficulty of seeing the distant objects.

CAUSES, INCIDENCE AND FACTORS OF RISK

With this visual problem the nearby objects meet clearly, but the distant ones turn out to be blurry. This is the result of that the visual image focuses in front of the retina, and not straight on her.

It can be caused because the balloon of the eye is excessively elongated or because the crystalline one (the lens that is in the eye) has a too short focal distance.

The myopia, generally, develops in the school epoch and it usually stabilize about 20 years. Till then it can develop very quickly and need frequent changes of graduation of the glasses or contact lenses. It affects equally the men and the women and there is a clear familiar predisposition.

PREVENTION

Well-known prevention does not exist.

SYMPTOMS

• Blurry vision of the distant objects.
• I squint.
• Headache.
• Ocular tension.

ANALYSIS AND TEST

A general examination of the eye, or examination oftalmológico includes:

• It tries visual keenness.
• It tries the refraction.
• It tries vision of the color.
• You try the muscles of the eye.
• Examination with crack lamp.
• Examination of the retina.

TREATMENT

They are compensated very easily with the use of glasses or contact lenses, depending every case and problem of refraction.

• The glasses:

• Advantages. They do not have any effect on the eye.
• Disadvantages. Esthetics, sports, profession, baths, etc...

• The contact contact lenses:

• Advantages. Better visual correction than the glasses, esthetics, activities.
• Disadvantages. Intolerance to the same ones, corneal ulcers and sometimes serious infections, is essential a suitable hygiene.

The surgery is indicated in certain cases of myopia.

PROGNOSIS

If the myopia is not detected and she corrects soon it can have social, emotional and educational consequences for the child.

COMPLICATIONS

• Complications associated with the use of contact lenses (possible ulcers in the cornea and infections).
• Complications of the radial queratotomía, including the mistake of the surgery in the correction of the vision, pain, ulcers in the cornea and infections.

WHEN TO COME TO THE DOCTOR

Call the doctor or the ophthalmologist to ask for an appointment if it notices that his son has mistakes in the vision, watching TV, if he reads with the book very close or is unable to see background objects.

WHAT DOCTOR CAN TREAT ME?

• Consult the Ophthalmologist

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