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 GENERAL INFORMATION
The injuries of the ankle represent the injury musculosquelética sharp that affects with major frequency all the sportsmen, from those of school age up to the professionals. To recover they need between 36 and 72 days, and the average cost estimated of his diagnosis and rehabilitation is from 300 to 900 euros. The most typical is the sprain of ankle, which can happen in any situation.
The sportsmen who present a major number of injuries of ankle are the players of basketball, the players of soccer and the stayers.
TYPES OF INJURIES OF ANKLE
85 % of the sportsmen with ankle sprains presents injuries for investment (sprain inwards). The structures that get injured with major frequency are three side ligaments of the joint of the ankle. Another primary mechanism of the sprains of ankle is for eversión (sprain outside) and it represents 15 % of the injuries. In general, these sprains are more serious than the produced ones by investment, since they collaborate to a major valuation of associate breaks and breaks of the joint, with the consequent later instability.
The young sportsman with an injury of the ankle can present injuries in the growth cartilage.
DIAGNOSIS
- Pain, tumefaction and muscular spasm.
- It X-rays (s) of ankle. It is usually normal unless pain exists to the bony palpación in the later rim or in the end of the ankles (nodes of the ankle).
- It is necessary to value the margin of mobility of the ankle, both active and passive, in all his possible movements.
- It is necessary to value the instability to articulate realizing the test of the previous drawer. A positive test (palpable and visible displacement of the foot at a distance of more than 4 mm with regard to the capsule of the ankle) is compatible with the diagnosis of tear of the ligament and/or the capsule.
- The injuries of the side ligaments are valued clinically according to the grade of effusion, laxness and functional incapability.
TREATMENT
- Rest.
- I freeze. It is applied straight in the ankle during 20 minutes every 2 hours, during the first days.
- Compression. It can be applied like a (better) or flexible adhesive bandage. The compressive bandage must take 2 ó 3 days. It is recommended to use stirrups. The second option is the plaster cast during 10 to 14 days.
- Elevation. The elevation of the foot must be the possible maxim until the tumefaction has diminished.
WHAT DOCTOR CAN TREAT ME?
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INFORMATION 
