 |
The hipotiroidsmo is an absence or an inadequate production of the thyroid hormones, tri-iodotironina and tetra-iodotiroxina (T3 and T4), the congenital one is when it appears in the newborn baby.
The absence of these hormones alters the normal development of the brain, the heart, the kidneys and other organs. The persistence of this defect principally fond of the intellectual development, of the coordination of movements and of possible cardiac alterations.
The congenital hipotiroidismo can affect 1 child every 3 ó 4 thousand born, depending on every country. The implied causes can be a thyroid gland badly developed or placed in place different from the normal one, other times certain medicines (with iodo) are the causers of this alteration and different are genetic causes. It is possible to presume a problem of hipotiroidismo if the newborn baby has constipation and/or problems with the feeding, it cannot suck well for the prominent language, and a developing size abdomen and with umbilical rupture. Other times do not make these symptoms apparent to themselves even later (3-4 months) and by that time the substitute treatment cannot improve the cerebral injuries and they become permanent. It is by it that systematical analyses are realized in newborn babies of this illness and of other metabolic alterations, to be able to treat them before his alterations are irreversible.
The TSH studies and of T4 they can be done in samples of umbilical cord or in blood captures in the heel, if the results belong to developing TSH (> 40 mU/L) and T4 low or void it is necessary to verify by means of another analysis and a study of the fixation of Tecnecio (TC99) in the thyroid gland and a previous Radiography of the knee to determine the surface epifisaria. All this would confirm or not the diagnosis. There are cases of transitory hipotiroidismo of unknown cause, between them for the proper alterations of these hormones before the first week of life. Before the diagnosis is confirmed it is possible to begin the treatment with thyroid hormone (L-Tiroxina, 10-15 micrograms per Kilogram of weight), which is a pill that is given to the child with any food every day. The control of the necessary dose realizes by means of the analysis of the TSH (to support in values <5mU/L) and of T4, as if it was one more control of other children in his growth.
The precocious beginning with thyroid hormone is fundamental and as soon as possible better. The alterations that can persist if the beginning of the treatment is late a few days can be the dyslexia, disorders of balance, or of thin voluntary movements. If the beginning of the treatment is late months the appearance of mental deficiency and of cardiac alterations is almost sure.
|
|
