DEFINITION

There are the parameters that relate the index hamatocrito, the hemoglobin and the number of red blood corpuscles or red globules.

WHICH ARE

• The VCM (average corpuscular volume) is a way of expressing the size of the eritrocitos.El normal value it is 80-100 fl (femtolitros for red blood corpuscle).
• The HCM (average corpuscular hemoglobin) corresponds to the content of the hemoglobin in every eritrocito (Hemoglobin / number of red blood corpuscles). His normal value is from 26 to 32 picogramos.
• The CHCM is the hemoglobin concentration compared with the hematocrito. In the adults his normal values are a from 32 to 36 %.

PROCEDURE OF SECURING

1. To realize this analysis to be on an empty stomach is not needed.
2. It is possible to realize the capture in an appropriate place (consultation, clinic, hospital) but sometimes it is realized in the proper domicile of the patient.
3. To realize the capture it is needed of locating an appropriate vein and in general there are used the veins placed in the flexura of the elbow. The person entrusted to take the sample will use sanitary gloves, a needle (with a syringe or pipe of extraction).
4. It will put a tortor (tape of gum - latex) in the arm so that the veins retain more blood and turn out to be more visible and accessible.
5. It will clean the area of the prick with an antiseptic one and by means of a palpación it will locate the appropriate vein and will gain access to her with the needle. They will release the tortor.
6. When the blood flows for the needle the sanitary one will realize an aspiration (by means of the syringe or by means of the application of a pipe with gap).
7. If several samples are needed for different types of analysis blood will be extracted to him more or less or different gap pipes will be applied.
8. On having finished the capture, it extracts the needle to itself and the area is pressed with a cotton or similar torunda to favor the coagulation and it will indicate him to itself that flexione the arm and the area pressed with a Band-Aid supports for some hours.

1. The securing by means of a prick of the vein can produce certain pain.
2. The possible difficulty in finding the appropriate vein can give place to several pricks.
3. Appearance of a haematoma (bruise or cardinal) in the extraction area, is due usually to the fact that the vein has not closed well after the later pressure and blood has kept on going out producing this problem. Type Hirudoid can apply an ointment to itself ® or Trombocid ® in the area.
4. Inflammation of the vein (phlebitis), sometimes the vein turns out to be shaken, well be for a cause merely physically or why it has become infected. It will have to support the relaxed area a few days and type Hirudoid can apply an ointment to itself ® or Trombocid ® in the area. If the problem persists or appears fever will have to consult it with his doctor.

The size of the red globules (VCM) can define us if an anemia is microcítica when the VCM is minor to the normal thing, normocítica if it is normal and macrocítica if it is superior to the normal thing.

If the value of the corpuscular Hemoglobin comes up (HCM) IS normal the anemia will be normocrómica, if it is low it will be a hypochromic anemia ó hyperchromic if his value is raised.

POSSIBLE CAUSES OF THE ALTERATION OF THE PARÁMETRIS HEMATIMÉTRICOS

The macrocitosis can owe to acid defects fólico, of vitamin B12, hepatic illnesses, alcoholism, etc...

The microcitosis can owe to anemias for lack of iron and for talasemias.

The hipocromia usually coincides with the microcitosis with the absence of iron and the talasemias.

The hipercromia they usually appear with the mcrocitosis it owes to acid defects fólico, of vitamin B12, hepatic illnesses, alcoholism, etc...

OTHER ALTERATIONS OF THE FORM OF THE RED BLOOD CORPUSCLES

The aspect of the red globules seen to the microscope can offer us diverse variables that they face to different illnesses.

• The esquistocitosis, appears when the red blood corpuscles perform different forms (canes, half moon, in the shape of helmet, with thorns, etc...). It usually have to to illnesses that attack the red blood corpuscles as the anemia hemolítica that appears in autoimmune illnesses.
• The poiquilocitosis is when the form of the red blood corpuscles is of tear or of pear, she appears in diverse anemias.
• The eliptocitosis there are elliptical red blood corpuscles that it owes to itself to anemias or to a concrete illness that is the congenital Eliptocitosis.
• The drepanocitosis, the form of the eritrocitos is of sickle, it usually owes to congenital illnesses
• The esferocitosis there are red globules that altered his biconcave form for that of a sphere. It is a hereditary illness that produces the alteration of the form of the eritrocito for the deficit of certain necessary substances.
• The presence of eritroblastos is that the red blood corpuscles appear with nucleus, and it is for the appearance of newly bulging young forms of the bone marrow. It owes to anemias, hemorrhages, or hemólisis (break of red blood corpuscles) for diverse causes.
• The Leptocitos there are thin cells that count with a big cell membran observed in weakening chronic illnesses that they produce anemia.
• The Estomatocitos they are eritrocitos with an egg-shaped form towards the center that it is observed in the hereditary estomatocitosis of the Alaska malamut and in hepatic illnesses.
• The Howell-Jolly bodies, there are nuclear spots observed often as a result of the anemic state in regenerative processes, nevertheless if they are numerous they can indicate problems in the spleen.
• Heinz's bodies are structures located in the membrane eritrocítica product of the denaturalization of the hemoglobin caused by the oxidizing action of certain drugs or chemists.

TO SEE ALSO

Blood test Formula of the White Globules White globules. Leukocytes Red globules. Eritrocitos Blood types Hematimetría

Hematocrito Hemoglobin Thrombocytes Inventory of White Globules Results of a Normal Analysis of Routine Speed of Globular Sedimentation

WHAT DOCTOR CAN TREAT ME?

Select a province A Coruna Alava Albacete Alicante Almeria Asturias Avila Badajoz Barcelona Burgos Caceres Cadiz Cantabria Castellón Ciudad Real Cordova Cuenca Gipúzcoa Girona Granada Guadalajara Huelva Huesca Illes Balears Jaen La Rioja Las Palmas León Lleida Lugo Madrid Malaga Murcia Navarre Ourense Palencia Pontevedra Salamanca Santa Cruz Tenerife Segovia Seville Soria Tarragona Teruel Toledo Valencia Valladolid Biscay Zamora Saragossa

Service offered for