SYMPTOMS OF THE FLU TO

There are symptoms of the flu A: Higher fever of 38ºC and at least two signs or symptoms of sharp respiratory infection (cough, rinorrea, respiratory difficulty, migraine, sore throat, myalgia, general discomfort). It can go accompanied by diarrhea and vomiting.

EVALUATION OF THE SUSPICIOUS OR PROBABLE CASE / ATTITUDE

• To derive to the hospital / hospitable revenue if it proceeds

• To indicate antiviral 5 days. Record of adverse effects if it proceeds
• Home isolation while the symptoms last
• Basic hygienic measurements
• I do not contact with high-risk groups persons

• Home isolation while the symptoms last
• Basic hygienic measurements
• I do not contact with high-risk groups persons
• Symptomatic treatment

HIGH-RISK GROUPS FOR TREATMENT WITH ANTIVIRAL

• Pregnant women.
• Chronic cardiovascular diseases (excluding the hypertension).
• Chronic respiratory illnesses (including displasia roughly - pulmonary, quística fibrosis and persistent moderate - serious asthma).
• Diabetes mellitus type I and type II with pharmacological treatment.
• Moderate - serious renal insufficiency.
• Hemoglobinopatías and moderate - serious anemias.
• Asplenia.
• Advanced chronic hepatic illness.
• Illnesses neuromusculares serious.
• Patients with immunity suppression (included the caused one by infection by VIH or by medicines or in the transplants recipients).
• Morbid obesity (index of corporal mass equal or superior to 40).
• Children / experts and adolescents, 18-year-old minors, who receive treatment prolonged with acid acetilsalicílico, for the possibility of developing a Reye syndrome.

BASIC HYGIENIC MEASUREMENTS RECOMMENDED FOR LIGHT CASES OF FLU

• It must remain in his domicile until they eliminate the symptoms.
• In case the sick person should have narrow contact with persons of higher risk of complications as flu, it will be advised him to carry to extremes the measurements to avoid the transmission of the virus to this group.
• The mouth must be covered when it coughs or the nose when it sneezes with disposable handkerchiefs. Later he must wash its hands with water and soap.
• In case it worsens his state of health, contacts with his doctor or doctor.

• It is advisable that beech only one presents herself been in charge to take care of the sick person.
• The pregnant women must not take care of the suspicious flu patients.
• All the persons who live together in the domicile will have to wash her hands with water and soap often, and after having always been in contact with the sick person.

THE RESPIRATORY HYGIENE AND THE HANDLING OF THE COUGH

Both the sick persons, and the sanitary personnel or the relatives must continue definitely the general hygiene measurements.

The following measurements are recommended to contain the respiratory secretions to all the persons who present signs and symptoms of a respiratory infection.

• The mouth and the nose are covered on having coughed or to sneeze;
• To use paper tissues to contain the respiratory secretions and to throw them to the garbage after his use;
• Hand wash: The correct hand wash is a fundamental prevention measurement. They must wash their hands or realize an asepsis of the same ones earlier and after the direct contact with sick persons, or after the contact with his personal articles or of his immediate environment.
• To wash his/her/its hands with water and normal soap or hand hygiene with alcoholic solution. The use of alcoholic solution during 30-60 seconds is so much or more suitable than the wash with water and soap when the hands are clean, in organic matter absence, but it is not advisable to use it when the hands are dirty or contaminated with secretions. In this case they must wash themselves rubbing them with ordinary liquid soap or antiseptic soap during, at least, 10-15 seconds, and clarifying with abundant running water. The hand drying will be always realized with disposable role.
• To put at disposal handkerchiefs or toallitas of role and wastebaskets that could open without touching them to eliminate the handkerchiefs or toallitas.
• When some area of the skin has been contaminated by blood, corporal fluids or excretions, he must wash himself as soon as possible, of soft form, but meticulously, with soap and water.
• The facilities of medical attention must guarantee that, in the waiting rooms, the patients and visitors have necessary materials to expire with the stipulated in the protocol for the respiratory hygiene and the handling of the cough.

ANTIVIRAL MEDICATION

In case it is decided to initiate the treatment, good for belonging to high-risk group or for symptoms intensity, the rule to be continued is:

• Oseltamivir (Tamiflú ®): 75 mg two times a day for 5 days for oral route beginning in the first two days since the symptoms of the flu appear. In case there should be a renal insufficiency there will follow the instructions of the title role as the renal function.
• Zanamivir (Relenza ®): 10 mg two times a day for 5 days for route inhalatoria beginning in the first two days since the symptoms of the flu appear.

Recommendation for Prophylaxis Post-exhibition: in women gestantes or with probability of it being that they have had narrow contact with confirmed or suspicious cases, it is recommended to do an individual evaluation of benefits and risks on the need for the treatment.
In case one decides to initiate it, it is recommended to use of preferable form zanamivir to the dose of 10 mg a day for 10 days, unless there are respiratory problems that dissuade the use of the route inhalatoria. In this case it might use oseltamivir for oral route to the dose of 75 mg a day for 10 days.

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