OTHER NAMES

• Glucose,
• Glycemia,
• Glucose in blood,
• Sugar in blood.

DEFINITION

It is an analysis that is realized separately or in a general biochemist request in the blood.

It measures the quantity (concentration) of present glucose in the blood.

The glucose is a sugar that is used by the textiles like form of energy on having combined it with the oxygen of the respiration. When we eat the sugar in the blood it rises, what is consumed disappears of the blood, for it there is a regulatory hormone that is the insulin produced by the pancreas (pancreatic islets). This hormone does that the glucose of the blood between in the textiles and is used in the shape of glucógeno, amino acids, and greasy acids. When the glucose in blood is very low, in normal conditions for the fasting, there secretes another hormone called glucagón that does the opposite and supports the glucose levels in blood.

The textile most sensitive to the changes of the glycemia is the brain, in very low or very high concentrations there appear symptoms of mental confusion and unconsciousness.

WHY IS THIS STUDY REALIZED?

The analysis of the glucose especially is realized to study the possible presence of a mellitus diabetes or saccharine. Since it is a very complex illness and with big health aftereffects it is an analysis much discriminativo and usefully that is realized of quite routine form.

SKILL OF ACHIEVEMENT

To realize this analysis it is needed to be on an empty stomach at least 6 previous hours.

It is possible to realize the capture in an appropriate place (consultation, clinic, hospital) but sometimes it is realized in the proper domicile of the patient.

• To realize the capture it is needed of locating an appropriate vein and in general there are used the veins placed in the flexura of the elbow. The person entrusted to take the sample will use sanitary gloves, a needle (with a syringe or pipe of extraction).
• It will put a tortor (tape of gum - latex) in the arm so that the veins retain more blood and turn out to be more visible and accessible.
• It will clean the area of the prick with an antiseptic one and by means of a palpación it will locate the appropriate vein and will gain access to her with the needle. They will release the tortor.
• When the blood flows for the needle the sanitary one will realize an aspiration (by means of the syringe or by means of the application of a pipe with gap).
• On having finished the capture, it extracts the needle to itself and the area is pressed with a cotton or similar torunda to favor the coagulation and it will indicate him to itself that flexione the arm and the area pressed with a Band-Aid supports for some hours.

PROBLEMS AND POSSIBLE RISKS

1. The securing by means of a prick of the vein can produce certain pain.
2. The possible difficulty in finding the appropriate vein can give place to several pricks
3. Appearance of a haematoma (bruise or cardinal) in the extraction area, is due usually to the fact that the vein has not closed well after the later pressure and blood has kept on going out producing this problem. Type Hirudoid can apply an ointment to itself ® or Trombocid ® in the area.
4. Inflammation of the vein (phlebitis), sometimes the vein turns out to be shaken, well be for a cause merely physically or why it has become infected. It will have to support the relaxed area a few days and type Hirudoid can apply an ointment to itself ® or Trombocid ® in the area. If the problem persists or appears fever will have to consult it with his doctor.

The normal values are between 70 and 105 mg for deciliter. In the small children from 40 to 100 accept values mg/dl.

The values more low of 40-50 mg/dl are considered to be shallows (hypoglycemia).

The values more high of 128 mg/dl are considered to be high places (hyperglycemia).

They can modify the values of glycemia and not be for one true diabeteses situations:

1. Stress for acute diseases (cerebral, cardiac infarction, general anesthesia)
2. The treatments with wheys in vein, since they contain dextrose (sugar)
3. Pregnancy
4. Medicines (antidepressing, antihypertensive, feminine hormones, etc...)
5. The alcohol and analgesics can diminish it.

The developing glycemia (hyperglycemia) can appear in:

• Diabetes mellitus
• Renal illnesses
• Feocromocitoma
• Hipertiroidismo
• Glucagonoma
• Sharp Pancreatitis
• Syndrome of Cushing
• Pancreas tumors
• Other situations earlier explained (stress, wheys, pregnancy, medicines)

• Excessive diets
• Hepatic illnesses
• Illness of Addison
• Insulin excess in diabetics
• Hipopitituarismo
• Hipotiroidismo
• Insulinoma

TO KNOW MORE

• Topics related to the Diabetes

TO SEE ALSO

• Uric acid in Blood
• Biochemical analysis
• Bilirrubina
• Creatinina in Blood
• Gamma GT
• Transaminasa GOT
• Transaminasa GPT
• Urea in Blood

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