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 DENOMINATION
- Alkaline Fosfatasa,
- FA ALP.
DEFINITION
Fosfatasa Alcalina (FA) is an enzyme that is in almost all the textiles of the body, but his presence is major in the liver, the biliary routes and the bones. The alkaline fosfatasa has one big isoenzimas variety with light differences in his structure, which suggest different origins for every textile (FA1 of the liver, FA2 of the bone). These isoenzimas can be quantified separately if it is necessary. One of the biggest sources of alkaline fosfatasa is the bone for it in the children and adolescents with bony growth it is enzyme is normally high.
WHY IS THE ANALYSIS REALIZED?
It is realized in the context of other hepatic tests (GOT, GPT, Bilirrubina, GammaGT) and is used to evaluate problems or alterations of the liver. It is very sensitive, especially, in problems of obstruction of the biliary routes. It is the enzyme most sensitive to the produced hepatic problems tumors metastásicos. It usually collaborates to the elevation of the gamaGT, unless in the bony problems in only the alkaline fosfatasa rises.
PROCEDURE OF SECURING
To realize this analysis it is needed to be on an empty stomach at least 6 previous hours. It is necessary to bear in mind that certain medicines can alter the values of the alkaline fosfatasa, as they are: Antibiotic, narcotic, metildopa, propanolol, cortisone, alopurinol, antidepressants tricíclicos, clorpromacina, contraceptive, AINEs, androgen, sedative, antidiabetic oral, isonacida, etc... It is possible to realize the capture in an appropriate place (consultation, clinic, hospital) but sometimes it is realized in the proper domicile of the patient. To realize the capture it is needed of locating an appropriate vein and in general there are used the veins placed in the flexura of the elbow. The person entrusted to take the sample will use sanitary gloves, a needle (with a syringe or pipe of extraction). It will put a tortor (tape of gum - latex) in the arm so that the veins retain more blood and turn out to be more visible and accessible. It will clean the area of the prick with an antiseptic one and by means of a palpación it will locate the appropriate vein and will gain access to her with the needle. They will release the tortor. When the blood flows for the needle the sanitary one will realize an aspiration (by means of the syringe or by means of the application of a pipe with gap). On having finished the capture, it extracts the needle to itself and the area is pressed with a cotton or similar torunda to favor the coagulation and it will indicate him to itself that flexione the arm and the area pressed with a Band-Aid supports for some hours. The abstracted blood moves to the analysis laboratory in a special pipe for biochemistry, which contains an anticoagulant product. In general more than 10 milliliters of blood are not usually necessary for a standard battery of biochemical parameters.
PROBLEMS AND POSSIBLE RISKS
- The securing by means of a prick of the vein can produce certain pain.
- The possible difficulty in finding the appropriate vein can give place to several pricks
- Appearance of a haematoma (bruise or cardinal) in the extraction area, is due usually to the fact that the vein has not closed well after the later pressure and blood has kept on going out producing this problem. Type Hirudoid can apply an ointment to itself ® or Trombocid ® in the area.
- Inflammation of the vein (phlebitis), sometimes the vein turns out to be shaken, well be for a cause merely physically or why it has become infected. It will have to support the relaxed area a few days and type Hirudoid can apply an ointment to itself ® or Trombocid ® in the area. If the problem persists or appears fever will have to consult it with his doctor.
NORMAL VALUES OF ALKALINE FOSFATASA
| In adults |
40 to 140 U/L |
| In children younger than 2 years |
85-235 U/L |
| In children between 2 and 8 years |
65-120 U/L |
| In children between 9 and 15 years |
60 - 300 U/L |
| In adolescents between 16 and 21 years |
30 - 200 U/L |
In these values there can be certain differences for the skill or for proper criteria of normality of concrete laboratories, sometimes in the status of values and other times for the units to which one alludes.
EVALUATION OF ABNORMAL RESULTS
The developing levels of Fosfatasa Alcalina can indicate:
- Alcoholism
- Anemia
- Bones cancer
- Prostate cancer
- Colestasis (obstruction of biliary route)
- Healing of bony breaks
- Illnesses of the bones
- Illnesses of the liver
- Renal illnesses
- Illness of Paget
- Hepatitis
- Hiperparatiroidismo
- Leukemia
- Osteomalacia
- Prostatitis
The diminished levels of Fosfatasa Alcalina can indicate: Malnutrition Proteins shortcoming
TO SEE ALSO
WHAT DOCTOR CAN TREAT ME?
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DENOMINATION 
