 |
|
|
 |
 |
|
|
 |
|
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
Frequent questions | |
|
He asks the doctor | |
 |
Beginning | |
 |
 |
 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
 |
FEVER TYPHOID AND SALMONELOSIS | |
||
|
|
 DEFINITION GASTROENTERITIS FOR SALMONELLA FEVER TYPHOID TO CONSULT |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
2.200 exist serotipos of the bacterium Salmonella. Most of the vines produce gastroenteritis of food origin. The fever typhoid or typhus is a type of much more serious salmonelosis, with treatment and prognosis different from the gastroenteritis common for Salmonella.
Habitual sources of Salmonella are the eggs and the products derived from them, not boiled milk and the poultry. The symptoms appear 12-48 hours after the ingestion, with morning sickness, twistings and liquid diarrhea. Usually, the disorder is light and he persists from 1 until 4 days. The treatment includes restoration of liquids and salt; there are not advised antibiotics, which prolong the excretion of the microbe. Definition. Systemic infectious illness provoked by Salmonella typhi, characterized by fever, prostration, abdominal pain and pink eruption of the skin. It is transmitted across the meal contaminated by the healthy bearers during his preparation, although the flies also can spread the bacterium from the dregs to the food. Clinical symptoms. The incubation period (without symptoms) is 1 to 2 weeks, after which there appear of gradual form fever, headache and joints, constipation, abdominal pain and absence of appetite. The fever stays high (39-40th C) during others 1 ó 2 weeks, and in 1 of every 10 patients sprouts of pink spots appear in the trunk (roséola). Finally, after the injuries evolve in the intestine, abundant diarrhea appears with blood. The convalescence can last months. Complications. The fever not treated typhoid can have many complications (colecistitis, hepatitis, intestinal hemorrhage, intestinal perforation, or infections over a distance of the intestine). A frequent complication is the relapse of the symptoms 2 weeks after the remedy; it happens more in agreements with antibiotics, is not known why. In some bacientes the bacillus is stationed in the biliary vesicle, staying in the organism for the long time without producing illness, but with the possibility of infecting (the bearer's state). Diagnosis. 1) SEROLOGIAS ("Agglutinations). 2) ISOLATION OF CENTURY. TYPHI in the blood (at first) or the dregs (from the 3rd week of illness). Treatment. 1) ANTIBIOTICS (Cloramfenicol, cefalosporinas of 3rd generation). 2) MEASUREMENTS OF SUPPORT: Hydration, to support the nutrition with frequent meals, I rest, and avoidance of laxatives and enemas. Intravenous wheys when it is necessary. 3) TREATMENT OF THE RELAPSES. Just as the initial illness, although only for 5 days. 4) TREATMENT OF THE BEARER'S STATE. Antibiotics are used (trimetoprim-sulfametoxazol, rifampicina) and when it is necessary, the biliary vesicle is extirpated. Prevention. 1) Primary preventive measurements: Consumption of not contaminated water, effective systems of sewerage, pasteurization of the milk, control for the food manipulators. 2) To obtain 3 dregs cultivation consecutive negatives with intervals of 1 week in the convalescence, to discard the bearer's state. 3) To treat all the bearers. 4) Control of the epidemics: Declaration of the cases, vaccines. 5) The travelers to endemic areas must have precacución with the meals and drinks, tending, there where it goes away, to a diet of stiff and well cooked food, and boil or clorar the water. |
|
|
|
 |
|
|
|
|
