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 CONCEPT
The strabismus is the loss of the parallelism of the eyes. Two eyes do not look at the same place, one of them directs the look to the object that it fixes, while other turns aside in another direction.
The deviation can be big and then it constitutes a showy esthetic defect, but there can be cases where the deviation is very small and is not appreciated. This type of compensated strabismus (or "foria") can happen unnoticed, but it can create the same problems of vision as the big deviations.
TYPES
The eyes can turn aside horizontally, already be inwards (convergent strabismus, "cross-eyed child"), or outside (divergent strabismus), or vertically (vertical strabismus, a wrongly placed eye up or down).
Horizontal and vertical combinations can happen simultaneously.
CAUSES
The only cause does not exist, it takes place for the union of several factors, a few acquaintances, and they still could not have determined others. There exists an alteration of the muscles of the eye joined a bad vision. An eye twists because it sees badly, and sees badly because it twists. There exists a hereditary factor sometimes associated with diverse causes, like fetal suffering, infections, tumors, traumatism, emotional factors, etc.
SYMPTOMS
Deviation of an eye, loss of the parallelism of the eyes. Decrease of the visual keenness of an eye with regard to other (vague Eye or ambliopía). Abnormal positions of the head, deviations, inclination, crick in the neck. Diplopia, or double vision, when the strabismus begins in adult age. Bad calculation of the distances and reliefs, loss of binocular vision.
Before any doubt, or appreciation of any of these sintomatologías, consult quickly with his ophthalmologist. The precociousness in the treatment can solve many consequences. TREATMENT
MEDICAL TREATMENT: Very variable: optical correction, glasses, occlusions with patches, special glazing, muscular exercises... all this directed to try to recover the vision of the vague eye and improve the action of the muscles.
SURGICAL TREATMENT: When the medical treatment is not sufficient and the eyes persist "turned away" it is necessary to resort to the surgical treatment, strengthening or debilitating the muscles of the eye. The surgery can be done on several muscles of the eye, of the only one or of the two; and it will be able to be carried out sometimes without having to resort to the revenue and the general anesthesia. His ophthalmologist will indicate him the process to be continued.
COMPLICATIONS
It is necessary to bear in mind that in any surgical process complications can arise. It will always have to be informed by his ophthalmologist of the risks distinguished for every case.
The most frequent complication is the need for the second possible intervention, to obtain the wished results. Also infections, allergic reactions, cysts can happen in the external areas of the surgical incisions, and, like rarer complications, fall of the top eyelid or hemorrhages. PREVENTION
Any new-born debit to be checked by his ophthalmologist from his birth. The visual function, his development, is going to decide in the first months of the life of the child. A child with strabismus, is showy or not, it must be diagnosed and agreement PRECOZMENTE, to be able to value the causes that produce it, avoid or treat the ambliopía (vague eye), and discard associate ocular pathology, like cataracts, injuries retinianas inflammatory or tumor, as well as nervous system diseases head office. In a strabismus the alertness and control must spread up to the adolescence, although the esthetic situation is normal. The child must take part in an active way in the treatment, being rigorous in the fulfillment, especially in the first epoch of the ocular occlusions.
WHAT DOCTOR CAN TREAT ME?
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