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 CETOACIDOSIS
This sharp complication of the DMID often appears for not injecting the insulin dose, for low stress is or for an illness or wound (although the doctors of the Clinic In May believe that the psychological, emotional factors or of stress they have very little or no effect in the glucose level in blood of the diabetics).
The increase of the glucose accumulated in blood and the quantity of bodies cetónicos in urine does that this one is more acidic.
It appears during several hours with the increase of the micturitions and of the thirst (more quickly in the children). Weakness and drowsiness follow him, even vomiting, diarrheas and abdominal pain. Sometimes a sweet smell is evident in the breath or to fruits that it can be confused with the smell of alcohol. It is the acetone, product of waste that is expelled across the lung. In a more advanced stage the respiration becomes deeper and rapid and, if it goes so far as to lose the conscience, Diabetic brings in in called Comma.
These symptoms need urgent treatment because they can cause the death (statisticians USA suggest that the death for Cetoacidosis in diabetics is 1 of every 10). The Cetoacidosis is more frequent in the not diagnosed diabetics or in persons with his diabetes badly controlled. Anyway, any diabetic is exhibited to suffer a Cetoacidosis under some such circumstances like blows, infections, hemorrhages, loss of liquids in vomiting or diarrheas. In these situations it is very important for the diabetic to monitor his glucose in blood and it urinates, and the bodies concentration cetónicos in the urine.
For the Cetoacidosis an urgency treatment is necessary. This one includes the injection of insulin and intravenous injections of saline solution to replace the lost corporal fluids. There is necessary the monitoring of the levels of glucose in blood and the state of the fluids until it becomes stable. If the treatment is rapid the reestablishment of the Cetoacidosis is, normally, rapid and finished.
The biggest persons with DMNID, who also endure another illness or wounds, and who do not drink enough water, can have high glucose concentrations in blood. The bodies cetónicos only are in very small or void quantities.
The result is the loss of conscience, and it needs care in a hospital. It is very important for the persons who endure a benign diabetes, to drink a lot of water. The put down patients who feel restrained and do not ask that water they are particularly vulnerable to a comma hiperosmolar.
HYPERTENSION, ARTERIOSCLEROSIS AND ILLNESSES OF THE CORONARY ARTERIES
In persons with hypertension, the blood circulates along the veins of the body with a pressure abnormally high. This can damage the veins, textiles and organs across which the blood happens. The arteriosclerosis produces greasy deposits that engrosan the walls of the arteries and, like result, these diminish and become less flexible to the step of the blood. The illnesses of the coronary arteries worsen the arteriosclerosis of the veins that contribute the oxygen and nutrients needed by the heart.
It is more probable that any of these three complications happens in the diabetics than in other persons. To come closer the treatment and prevention of the hypertension, to see Hypertension; of the arteriosclerosis, to see Arteriosclerosis; and of the illnesses of the coronary arteries, to see Cardiovascular disease.
Occasionally, the diabetics experience cramps while they travel or raise stairs. These stop when it stops the activity. Before this symptom, called "a submission" or before the observation of a bleaching of the feet, or of ulcers that do not close, the doctor must be consulted immediately.
VISUAL PROBLEMS
When the level of concentration of glucose is high, it is possible to develop an error of the ocular refraction, which produces a blurry vision. This blurry vision can deteriorate when the treatment provokes a very rapid decrease of the glucose in blood. The glasses must not be adapted until the values of sugar in the blood become stable for 6 or 8 weeks. The diabetics also develop long-term visual problems as result of the alterations of the circulation in the retina.
In the root of the problems of vision of the diabetics the changes are in the small arteries that take the blood to the retina (the retina is the part of the eye sensitive to the light).
Approximately half of the diabetics experiences ocular problems after enduring the illness during more than 10 years. These problems are sure for those who endure diabetes for 30 ó 40 years.
The diabetic retinopatía is the most common problem, although the cataracts and the glaucoma are much more frequent in the diabetics. How the often Indian diabetic retinopatía an advance of the illness, is it important that one makes examine the eyes regularly if it has diabetes. If the diabetic retinopatía appears, the treatment with laser can delay his progression.
OTHER LONG-TERM COMPLICATIONS
Many diabetics develop illnesses of kidney due to the deterioration of the small veins. Also there can appear the diabetic neuropathy (deterioration of the function of the nervous fibre) especially in the fingers and even in the hands. In these cases one feels a painful sensation with heat. With the time the affected areas become less sensitive and they are exposed to wounds and infections.
The formation of ulcers and, a second time, the gangrene also there are a consequence of a neuropathy. When the gangrene is the result of an arteriosclerosis often it appears in the toes or in the place of a wound. Finally the powerlessness is also a frequent complication in the diabetics.
WHAT DOCTOR CAN TREAT ME?
TO SEE ALSO
Self-control of the Glucose Diabetes Mellitus Pregnancy and Diabetes Renal illness in the Diabetes Mellitus Hypoglycemia. Reaction of Insulin Insulins (A10A1A) Injection of Insulin. How to administer the Insulin Diabetic foot Diabetic Retinopatía Treatment of the Diabetes
WHAT DOCTOR CAN TREAT ME?
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CETOACIDOSIS 
