The apolipoproteínas are a part of the complex of molecules that there transport the lípidos triglicéridos and cholesterol (HDL, LDL, VLDL). His physiological utility in the blood is to help to the transport of the lípidos and fixation to cellular recipients so that the cells have aptitude to absorb the lípidos necessary for his functioning.

The apolipoproteína A (Apo A) is associated the lipoproteínas HDL, with two forms the Apo A1, which corresponds to 75 % of the HDL and the Apo A2 that is 20 % of the HDL.

• It is possible to realize the capture in an appropriate place (consultation, clinic, hospital) but sometimes it is realized in the proper domicile of the patient.
• To realize the capture it is needed of locating an appropriate vein and in general there are used the veins placed in the flexura of the elbow. The person entrusted to take the sample will use sanitary gloves, a needle (with a syringe or pipe of extraction).
• It will put a tortor (tape of gum - latex) in the arm so that the veins retain more blood and turn out to be more visible and accessible.
• It will clean the area of the prick with an antiseptic one and by means of a palpación it will locate the appropriate vein and will gain access to her with the needle. They will release the tortor.
• When the blood flows for the needle the sanitary one will realize an aspiration (by means of the syringe or by means of the application of a pipe with gap).
• On having finished the capture, it extracts the needle to itself and the area is pressed with a cotton or similar torunda to favor the coagulation and it will indicate him to itself that flexione the arm and the area pressed with a Band-Aid supports for some hours.

MODIFICATIONS OF THE RESULT

• The physical exercise raises the levels of Apo A.
• The tobacco diminishes his values.
• The diets rich in carbohydrates or fats poliinsaturadas (vegetable) diminish the values of the ApoA.
• The medicines that increase the level of Apo A sound the estrogen, estatinas, alcohol, contraceptive oral, etc...
• The medicines that diminish the level of Apo A sound the androgen, betabloqueantes, diuretics, progesterone.

PROBLEMS AND POSSIBLE RISKS

• The securing by means of a prick of the vein can produce certain pain.
• The possible difficulty in finding the appropriate vein can give place to several pricks.
• Appearance of a haematoma (bruise or cardinal) in the extraction area, is due usually to the fact that the vein has not closed well after the later pressure and blood has kept on going out producing this problem. There can apply an ointment to himself type Hirudoid or Trombocid in the area.
• Inflammation of the vein (phlebitis), sometimes the vein turns out to be shaken, well be for a cause merely physically or why it has become infected. It will have to support the relaxed area a few days and there can apply an ointment to himself type Hirudoid or Trombocid in the area. If the problem persists or appears fever will have to consult it with his doctor.

NORMAL LEVELS OF APO TO

In men from 75 to 160 mg/dl.
In women from 80 to 175 mg/dl.

EVALUATION OF THE RESULTS

High levels of Apo A appear in:

• Familiar Hiperalfalipoproteinemia
• Pregnancy
• Slimming

The diminished levels of Apo A are related with:

Familiar Hipoalfalipoproteinemia

Syndrome nefrótico

Diabetes

Hipotiroidismo

Coronary Cardiopatía isquémica

TO SEE ALSO

• Apolipoproteína B
• Apolipoproteína C
• Apolipoproteína E
• Apolipoproteínas and the Cardiovascular diseases
• Consult the Specialist

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