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ANTHRAX | |
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 DENOMINATION DEFINITION SYMPTOMS CASES DIAGNOSTIC TREATMENT PROPHYLAXIS TO SEE TO CONSULT |
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Carbunco, bacteriological weapon. The anthrax is a sharp infectious illness caused by the Bacillus anthracis, which is a bacterium that can be transmitted in the shape of spores by the air. The spores of the Bacillus anthrasis can be produced in big quantities with basic biology knowledge. They can be stored for decades without losing his potential. They can be easily interspersed in the air by means of missiles, rockets, bombs, artillery and up to aerosols, for it one considers inside the possible bacteriological weapon. There can be variables depending to the contagion route. If the spores bring in the guest for the skin across a wound the infection begins like an insect sting, transforming then in a vesicle and finally in a painless ulcer of approximately 3 cm in diameter with textile died in his interior. It is possible to treat with antibiotics and rarely it is mortal. If the contagion route is across spore inhaled or breathed the symptoms begin like a common cold, and then it transforms in respiratory symptoms with the rapid appearance of hipoxia, shortness of breath and high temperature. This form of illness is generally it is mortal. In the contagion route for contaminated meat there takes place a sharp inflammation of the intestinal tract, morning sickness, vomiting with blood, fever and diarrhea; between 25 and 60 % of the cases are mortal. More rarely it can appear with the sharp appearance of high fever, possibly with convulsions and loss of the conscience, signs and symptoms meníngeos.
It is possible to isolate the Bacillus anthracis in the blood, injuries ó exudados of a supposed case. There is realized a cross-check of the presence of Bacillus anthracis in a sample by means of the microscopic examination of dyed smears of liquid vesicular, blood, spinal liquid, liquid pleural, dregs, etc. The election antibiotic is the Ciprofloxacino to dose of 400 mg route endovenosa, or the Levofloxacino. The best measurements for the prevention of the illness in the exposed individuals are the protection of skin and mucous membranes and the vaccination. There is important the use of gloves and masks, for which a health education is needed. In exposed persons and without symptoms there is used the oral ciprofloxacino or the oral doxiciclina. The vaccine realized with the purified protective antigen, needs three 0,5 ml subcutaneous injections with 2 weeks of interval, and a dose of annual memory.
 TO SEE ALSO
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