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Frequent questions | |
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He asks the doctor | |
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Beginning | |
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ANTI-FLU | |
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 DESCRIPTION VACCINATION SYMPTOMATIC MEDICINES MEDICINES ANTVIRALES TO CONSULT |
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The flu is a sharp viral infection, that every winter happens from October until April in the whole world like a local epidemic or a pandemic (general epidemic). It affects every year 12 % of the world population, being able to come to 35 % when it circulates a virus different from the habitual one. In the general population it is a cause of an important morbidity, and in the patients' cases with factors of risk, respiratory, cardiovascular illnesses and inmunodeprimidos, it can produce deaths. For all this, it is one of the illnesses that cause more request of medical care and labor falls. In this field, the vaccines and the antiviral medicines play an important and encouraging role. It has been demonstrated that the vaccination reduces greatly the costs of the flu in the high-risk groups. In the USA, it has been anticipated that during the 70s, the vacumación produced a clear saving for 37.500 million pesetas. The vaccination of the flu is recommended at present for a few well definite groups (major of of 65 years, which have more risk of presenting complications for having base illnesses, or living conditions where the virus can be spread more quickly). Nevertheless, these groups change of one country to other. In the people with labor age, the vaccine is administered in 10 %, rising up to 58 % in the elders. The vines (or types of virus) of the vaccines change every year so that they keep on being effective. Thanks to the alertness systems in the whole world, the experts can detect the type of virus that will cause the flu the winter following, and like that it is possible to make the vaccine. The efficacy of the vaccine of the flu as soon as the prevention of the infection or to the reduction of his severity it depends on many factors, like:
The vaccine of the flu is more effective if the exhibition happens after a month of the vaccination, and it lasts one year. As result of the interaction of all these factors, the vaccine of the flu is effective in 70 % of the cases. Since the flu causes clinical declarations of cough, fever, headaches and muscular, rinorrea mucous membrane, etc., and for lack of a treatment etiológico (or, of the cause), he has tried to manage for decades with different symptomatic, such medications as analgesic - non-conducting, anti-cough-suppressant, expectorants, antihistamines, etc, with different grades of individual answer. These medicines neither treat the infection nor prepare his dissemination, or, that are unable to limit the epidemics. The antiviral medicines play an important role in the handling of the people who belongs to groups of high risk and that they have not been vaccinated, because the vaccine is contra-indicated or because the immune answer is not the suitable one. Also, diverse circumstances can happen in which the prophylaxis with an antiviral medicine, especially if it is used together with the vaccination, can be a cash in preparing the dissemination of the infection, for example, in the retirement homes or other closed communities. The existing antiviral treatments are the amantadina, the rimantadina and the zanamivir. The two first ones are limited by his adverse effects and the appearance of resistances of very rapid form. Zanamivir is a design medicine for computer created for the treatment of the flu, which acts inhibiting the activity of the neuraminidasa, an essential enzyme for the multiplication of the virus, that there prevents the spread of the viruses of the flu (virus influenza type A and type B). The ideal administration route is an inhalation in dry dust, because this way the medicine is present in the principal place of the infection. According to the driving laboratory of the Zanamivir (Glaxo Wellcome), if the treatment begins in the first two days of the symptoms, Zanamivir produces a significant reduction in the duration of the illness, as well as of the symptoms of the same one. |
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