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 OTHER NAMES
- Antiestreptolisinas analysis O,
- Rheumatic tests GRASP IT,
- GRASP IT.
DEFINITION
The title of GRASP IT it is the measurement of antibodies anti-streptococcus betahemolíticos of the type A. This bacterium produces an enzyme called estreptolisina O, that can destroy the red blood corpuscles and the body reacts against her producing specific antibodies antiestreptolisina O. The measurement of these antibodies is what reflects the antiestreptolisinas analysis O ó GRASP IT.
WHY IS IT REALIZED?
The presence of high qualifications of antiestreptolisinas O ó GRASP IT, they indicate an infection for the bacterium Streptococcus betahemolíticos of the type A, that there can produce a glomerulonefritis, a rheumatic fever, a bacterial endocarditis or a scarlet fever. The elevation of GRASP IT appear to the week of the infection by the streptococcus, the highest values happen in the third week of the infection and it is when the secondary illnesses can appear to this infection (glomerulonefritis, a rheumatic fever, a bacterial endocarditis or a scarlet fever) but they are not specific of any of them. Each of them must be diagnosed by the clinic or by other diagnostic studies. GRASP IT they can stay high 6 months in 30 % of the cases.
PROCEDURE OF SECURING
To realize this analysis to be on an empty stomach is not needed. The levels of GRASP IT they can be masked by the antibiotics and by the corticoids. Also an increase of the betalipoproteína can inhibit the estreptolisina O and produce false elevation qualifications of GRASP IT. It is possible to realize the capture in an appropriate place (consultation, clinic, hospital) but sometimes it is realized in the proper domicile of the patient. To realize the capture it is needed of locating an appropriate vein and in general there are used the veins placed in the flexura of the elbow. The person entrusted to take the sample will use sanitary gloves, a needle (with a syringe or pipe of extraction).
It will put a tortor (tape of gum - latex) in the arm so that the veins retain more blood and turn out to be more visible and accessible. It will clean the area of the prick with an antiseptic one and by means of a palpación it will locate the appropriate vein and will gain access to her with the needle. They will release the tortor.
When the blood flows for the needle the sanitary one will realize an aspiration (by means of the syringe or by means of the application of a pipe with gap).
On having finished the capture, it extracts the needle to itself and the area is pressed with a cotton or similar torunda to favor the coagulation and it will indicate him to itself that flexione the arm and the area pressed with a Band-Aid supports for some hours. The abstracted blood moves to the analysis laboratory in a special pipe for biochemistry, which contains an anticoagulant product. In general more than 10 milliliters of blood are not usually necessary for a standard battery of biochemical parameters.
PROBLEMS AND POSSIBLE RISKS
- The securing by means of a prick of the vein can produce certain pain.
- The possible difficulty in finding the appropriate vein can give place to several pricks
- Appearance of a haematoma (bruise or cardinal) in the extraction area, is due usually to the fact that the vein has not closed well after the later pressure and blood has kept on going out producing this problem. Type Hirudoid can apply an ointment to itself ® or Trombocid ® in the area.
- Inflammation of the vein (phlebitis), sometimes the vein turns out to be shaken, well be for a cause merely physically or why it has become infected. It will have to support the relaxed area a few days and type Hirudoid can apply an ointment to itself ® or Trombocid ® in the area. If the problem persists or appears fever will have to consult it with his doctor.
NORMAL VALUES OF GRASP IT
| Normal levels of GRASP IT |
| in adults |
Minors of 160 Units / ml |
| in children younger than 2 years |
Minors of 50 Units / ml |
| in children between 2 and 4 years |
Minors of 160 Units / ml |
| in children between 4 and 12 years |
Between 160 and 300 Units / ml |
| Normal levels of Saturation of the transferrina |
| Men |
of 20 to 50 % |
| Women |
of 15 to 50 % |
In these values there can be certain differences for the skill or for proper criteria of normality of concrete laboratories, sometimes in the status of values and other times for the units to which one alludes.
EVALUATION OF ABNORMAL RESULTS
The developing levels of GRASP IT they can indicate:
- Infection for Streptococcus betahemolíticos of the type A
- Glomerulonefritis
- Rheumatic fever
- Bacterial Endocarditis
- Scarlet fever
- Pioderma for Streptococcus betahemolíticos of the type A
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