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Frequent questions | |
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Beginning | |
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ANTICOAGULANT MEDICINES (B01A) - GENERAL INFORMATION | |
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 DEFINITION TO SEE TO CONSULT |
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Medicines that act like bloqueantes of the coagulation or of the aggregation of the thrombocytes. They are used to break the thrombus (trombolisis), or to prepare that the thrombi recur. The heparina lengthens the coagulation time, is administered by means of subcutaneous injection, á since this is something problematic we have other groups that take oral route (anticoagulants dicumarínicos). In these groups of medicines it has to of doing a coagulation time keeping to him to avoid an activity excess and as a result the hemorrhages appearance. The heparina is a mucopolisacárido with an average molecular weight from 7.000 to 40.000, of origin of lung of cow or of intestinal mucous membrane of pig. The potency differs according to the origin, but nowadays they are standardized in UI, by what they can be compared only with this index. There is two salt (calcic and sódica) that do not differ especially. The calcic ones use subcutaneous route for being less painful than other one but both endovenosas can be used. Never intramuscular. The Heparina is used when one is necessary rapid anticoagulant action and nearly time. In the prevention of venous thromboses of surgery dose is even used to falls, 5.000UI, two hours before the intervention and later every 12 hours high of the patient. The heparinas of low molecular weight are fragments of molecular weight between 3.500 and 6.000, with it it has a longer life and his bioavailability increases. It has a minor inhibition of the aggregation plaquetaria. They do not substitute the traditional heparinas but in therapies of low dose they are more comfortable why they are applied 1 alone time a day. In therapies of high doses the traditional heparinas are used. In the handling of the long anticoagulant action the acecumarol is used under protombina time keeping. Diverse medications have been used like antiagregantes plaquetarias, the aspirin (that also removes the pain), and medications vasodilatadoras like the Dipiridamol, both they have a mechanism different from action and they can collaborate to obtain an action synergy. The effects vasodilatadores of the Dipiridamol have contraindications in certain cases. The Triclopidina has major effect antiagregante that the acid acetil salicílico but major side effects, for it it is of hospitable restricted use. For it the acid keeps on being one of the medicines of election of this group acetil salicílico. |
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