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ANTIASTHMATIC (R03) - GENERAL INFORMATION | |
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 PREVENTIVE SHARPENINGS STEROIDS YOU VACCINATE TO SEE TO CONSULT |
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In this group estáárados the medicines that produce a supported and long-term effect, on the inflammation of the bronchial mucous membrane. There are the anti-inflammatory ones, which can be:
The local steroids are used in the asthma moderated and intensely for his side effects, fungi in the mouth, possible absorption dependent dose with alterations in the growth and in the osteoporosis and cataracts. The cromonas are innocuous although of less valuable effects by it they are indicated usually in the light asthma. All these medicines are used to support the illness without symptoms. They must take regularly. The absence of fulfillment for the patient is, at present, the biggest cause of defeat in the healing of the bronchial asthma. These medicines are used of occasional form when the symptoms of the illness increase, with the target to diminish the symptoms in a few days. There are a group of medicines called beta 2 mimetic selective, for his performance on these recipients (beta 2) they produce the relaxation of the bronchial muscle. The method of ideal application is the inhalativa, whenever a training adapted for his administration exists. The most usual are the Salbutamol and the Terbutalina, both of immediate effects (minutes) and of approximately 2 at 4 hours of duration. His side effects are the quake and nervousness. The taquifilaxia effects (to stop doing effect) are seen in patients who take exaggerated and continuous doses (bad control of the asthma). The procaterol is similar to the previous ones. Recently they have gone out to the market the beta 2 mimetic selective of long duration, like the Salmeterol. This one begins his effect to 20-30 minutes of his inhaled administration and remains active between 7 at 9 hours. They usually associate the preventive anti-inflammatory ones like thifty person of dose of the same ones. The anticolinérgicos (Bromide of Ipratropio) advantages do not offer on the beta 2 mimetic and it takes more side effects (dryness of mucous membranes) as what they are of scarce utility in the asthma. The teofilinas (aminofilina, teofilina) act like bronchodilators with unknown mechanism. They have side effects to high doses (migraines, vomiting, discomfort, even confusion and comma) as what the dose must fit to every individual (by means of analytical of blood). For this reason they are falling down in desuetude. There are hormonal anti-inflammatory medicines. They produce for his habitual capture serious side effects as there are a delay of the growth, osteoporosis, sugar elevation in blood, inflammation of muscles, slimming of skin and blood glasses, etc... By it, in spite of his big efficacy in the asthma, only they are used in rebellious cases to other treatments or in the crises. They usually use in the crises (Prednisolona, Metil prednisona, etc...) in rules from 1 until 4 days, for what his side effects are only of gastric inconveniences. If they are used more continuously they happen in morning doses and in the alternate days, whenever the situation of the patient allows it. There are called the administration an immunotherapy (vaccine) the same products that produce the bronchial asthma in minimal quantities so that the organism gets accustomed to without pushing them back and, consequently the asthma does not appear. His efficacy depends on the content of proteins adapted to every patient (Dermatophagoides pt., Lolium p., Parietaria, etc...) and of his standardization (homologation of the content in proteins alergénicas of every packing). The studies of adverse reactions and absence of efficacy appeared in the 80s in GB, they were realized by extracts alergénicos not standardized, and without indications control in every case. The studies of the 90s with more suitable indication criteria, and with standardized extracts, put again to the Immunotherapy like election treatment in the concrete cases of:
It is not indicated in the asthma intensely, in the asthma of long evolution, and before an absence of environmental control. It is a long-term treatment, by means of the application of subcutaneous injections, with a regularity established and controlled by a trained specialist. It is not necessary to retire without consulting with the responsible doctor producing his effects to him to 2 ó 3 years. |
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PREVENTIVE MEDICINES |
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