An aneurisma is an abnormal expansion of an artery.

A flagging arterial wall goes expanding as blood is pumped, and a balloon species ends up by being created with form of egg, with a very weak wall. An aneurisma can happen in any artery of the organism, but they take place in a more frequent way in the aorta (the biggest artery of the organism), especially between the level of the kidneys and that of the big arteries of the legs (aneurisma of abdominal aorta). Also they can happen in the top part of the aorta (aneurisma of thoracic aorta), much more dangerous than the sits-up, for his biggest tendency to dissect, that is to say, to break the whole wall of the artery aorta, what puts the life seriously I am in danger.

The aorta aneurismas affect the people older than 60 years, and there are largely an arteriosclerosis result, although the hypertension favors his development. Since they usually do not give symptoms, the diagnosis is done usually by an abdominal ultrasound scan or a Scanner (computerized axial scanner or TAC).

COMPLICATIONS: BREAK OF THE ANEURISMA

Both in abdominal aorta and in thoracic aorta, the break of an aneurisma produces a sharp shock picture, with death danger. The break can supervene by means of a process that is called a dissection, by which the wall of the artery is torn along like a cloth (aneurisma disecante of aorta). This picture, when it happens in the thoracic aorta, is preceded of an intense thoracic pain similar to that of a heart attack, and of an extreme anxiety or sensation of imminent death.

TREATMENT

If it is discovered on time, an aneurisma can be treated without major problems.

If the aneurisma is small, and it is located in abdominal aorta, it is possible to continue the evolution without much ado by means of periodic ultrasound scans, without much ado changes in his life.

If the aneurisma is big, it is expanding, or his location is dangerous, the treatment consists of replacing the portion aneurismática of the artery with another artificial artery of synthetic material.
The operation is relatively sure if it is done before the rupture of the aneurisma, but the produced ones after the rupture of the aneurisma have a worse prognosis: less than the half they go so far as to survive.

Also one can treat by means of the laying of one prosthesis expansible inside the glass without need for open surgery (across the glasses of the extremities). The aneurisma will remain, but the blood will circulate along the interior of the prosthesis.

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