1. Not immune reactions:

There are answers of the textiles to the components of the poison with a high pharmacological power and enzimático. Generally these reactions appear between 24 and 48 hours later to the sting. They present before themselves with an inflammation about the minor place of the sting of a 10 cm diameter., more or less strong pain depending on the place of the sting (major in the extremities). The reactions can be places ó systematical light.
The treatment is symptomatic with such measurements like cold compresses, antihistamine and anti-inflammatory.

2. Immune reactions:

- It presents a few intense local Reactions. It catches fire about the place of the sting with a diameter superior to 10 cm. and it remains for more than 48 hours; in the children the inflammation can affect to 2 contiguous joints. In these patients the presence of antibodies is detected against some components of the poison as there can be the hialuronidasa and the fosfatasa.
The treatment is by means of antihistamine and anti-inflammatory, but a study must be realized to see the intensity of the sensitization if an immunotherapy treatment is necessary.

- Known like Serum sickness. Also reaction for inmunocomplejos does not appear immediately after the sting but spent a few days (between 2 and 10) and it studies with fever, inflammation of the widespread skin, pains you will articulate, and ganglions inflammation. The symptoms send without leaving aftermath in 1 ó 2 weeks.
The treatment is by means of steroids (cortisone), they do not add Immunotherapy.

- Anafilaxia. The anaphylactic reactions several systems and organs and they put in danger the life of the patient. The first symptoms are generally cutaneous, such like hives that it affects to the whole body, also there can appear general itch and distension of the skin. If the reaction is more intense it collaborates to general anxiety pictures, tires to breathe (shortness of breath), pressure in the breast, cough, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal cramps, urinal incontinence (also fecal), uterine cramps, arrhythmias and circulatory collapse ó pulmonary edema.
In some cases they always present the same clinical anafilaxia picture to themselves as a result to a later sting while in others the anaphylactic picture is becoming severer and severer and serious.

In these cases it is necessary to put an Immunotherapy treatment to poison of the insect in question (bee or wasp) and to go I obtain a treatment KIT with Adrenaline in autoinjection syringe + tortor + Antihistamine. It must have his instructions for car - inocularse the adrenaline in case of accidental sting.

3. Without definite mechanism:

Renal alterations, inflammation of nerves, meningitis, and alterations of coagulation (purples).
The treatment is specific in every case and he does not need Immunotherapy

AS TO AVOID THE STINGS OF BEES AND WASPS

Both the bees and the wasps sting only like defense of them themselves ó of his nests. Most of the stings take place between May and September being a July and August the months with major stings incidence due to the high temperatures that they put in big activity to these insects.

The common bees are attracted by the fragrance of the flowers, the brilliant colors and the surface of calm waters; bearing this in mind to avoid the accidents is necessary to try not to use either clothes of living colors very strong or perfumes during the epoch of major activity.

These himenópteros it feeds on juices, sap, nectar and, in general, on sugary liquids, in the state larvario some wasps feed on other insects for which the progenitora uses his poison to paralyze the future nutritive source of the larva. On having inoculated the poison, the sting preserves the wasp being able to sting this way time and again, thing that does not happen with the bees since his sting possesses side necklines that, as hooks, they anchor to the textile of the victim, losing it together with part of the digestive system, therefore the bee will be able only to sting once and will die.

In case of wasp sting ó bee that they have not been seen one can deduce that it has been the last one for the sting anchored to the skin remained; it is necessary to be careful on having withdrawn it since it is possible, involuntarily, to press the sack of the poison and to inoculate the totality of his content; in any case, when the sting remains fixed in the textile together with part of the intestine of the bee that has escaped, the gland of the poison will keep on contracting periodically up to inoculating everything, that's why it is important to withdraw the sting as soon as possible.
When a wasp stings it liberates a pheromone that incites to other members of the colony to sting therefore it is advisable, in case of sting, to move away as soon as possible from the area of the accident to avoid a massive attack.

GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS

• Approach neither honeycombs of bees nor nests of wasps; if incidentally it approaches, move back with slow movements.
• If a bee ó wasp settles on some part of his anatomy try neither to kill it nor to frighten it; remain calm or do only slow movements until it moves away.
• During the heat epoch, if you drink some sugary liquid, verify that there are no bees or wasps in the rims of the receptacle.
• If it leaves clothes in the soil shake it before putting itself it, since there can be some wasp between his creases.
• Avoid to walk along orchards in flowering, fields of trefoil or any area with abundant flowers.
• During the epoch of activity (May to September) use clothes of slightly showy colors and use neither perfumes nor sprays for the hair when it goes out to the field.
• Do not prune trees nor reap lawn or hedges during the epoch of activity.
• The collisions with these insects can cause stings therefore avoid to run or to mount on horseback, in bicycle or in motorbike in areas in which there is flowers plenty. A convertible car with the lowered roof is especially dangerous.
• Inside closed enclosures support a network to catch any flying insect that it penetrates; also it is useful to have insecticide to kill them (in the glove compartment of the car it can be very useful).
• Warn the children of not throwing stones or branches to the nests of the insects.

TO KNOW MORE

• Consult the Specialist

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